Category: Chemistry

The Guardian recently published a fairly shocking article, presenting uncovered evidence that confirms the fossil fuel industry had been aware of the danger of climate change, and fossil fuels/carbon dioxide’s direct role in it, since 1954. These documents, discovered at the Caltech archives, the US National Archives, and UCSD, show that research conducted at Caltech (by Charles Keeling, who would go on to continue to study global carbon dioxide and its effects for his career) was funded by a fossil fuel interest group, and the results – which showed dire consequences of carbon dioxide production – shared directly with the industry. 
Directions: Read the entire article, ‘Smoking gun proof’: fossil fuel industry knew of climate danger as early as 1954, documents show,Links to an external site. and then answer the questions below: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/jan/30/fossil-fuel-industry-air-pollution-fund-research-caltech-climate-change-denial
Based on the article’s timeline of events, what specific instances or evidence does it provide to illustrate the fossil fuel industry’s awareness of environmental issues since 1954?
The article outlines the fossil fuel industry’s awareness of environmental concerns dating back to 1954, yet there has been a persistent trend of denial or refusal to take substantial action by this industry. What factors do you think contribute to this apparent contradiction (their obvious awareness, and yet complete inaction) within the fossil fuel industry?
The article discusses the fossil fuel industry’s funding of research at Caltech, which could be seen by some as a conflict of interest – if the fossil fuel industry could potentially influence scientific studies on climate change. Do you think that this could affect the integrity of scientific research, and what measures can be implemented to ensure scientific independence and transparency?
Your post, a minimum of 5 sentences

A balanced chemical equation give relationship between the reactants and product of reaction in terms of moles ,masses, volume and molecules.

Power point presentation onnhow Chemistry ties to the field of nursing. Specifically, chemistry of recreational drug(s)/chemicals and how they affect health/human body. 
•    The project must be presented via voiceover PowerPoint or video presentation (if video presentation, all slides must also be submitted if used), 
•    The presentation should be 10-15 mins in length.  
Ties between the chemistry topic and nursing should be well explained and clear.
great use of visuals (drawings, models, short videos, ect.) to demonstrate points.
Chemistry used is accurate and well explained. Chemistry and application are woven together well.
Topic is well supported by APA cited sources (in line or on the same slide).
Information is presented using clear and concise language in an organized manner.
Embedded videos from YouTube, Kahn Academy, TikTok, or other sources will not count toward the length requirement.
Include several visuals (drawings, models, short videos, etc.) to demonstrate points
To make ppt include the following
A minimum of two research article references.
First two slides introduce the topic and correlate the research articles to the topic
Two slides on how topic relates to the content covered in the course. Chemistry used should be accurate and well explained.
Two slides for Chemistry and application woven together.
Two slides on ties between the chemistry topic and nursing
References, bibliography on the last slide.
Narrate the PowerPoint 
Presentation should be 10-15 min long

What volume of a 0.33-M C12H22O11 solution can be diluted to prepare 25 mL of a solution with a
concentration of 0.025 M?
Consider this question: What mass of a concentrated solution of nitric acid (68.0% HNO3 by mass) is
needed to prepare 400.0 g of a 10.0% solution of HNO3 by mass?
(a) Outline the steps necessary to answer the question.
(b) Answer the question.
explain in text form how you approached and worked through the problem

Based on the file lab details create an analysis section for the lab report. look at rubric for more info.
Analysis rough structure: 
First paragraph of analysis:
– Summarize your results (don’t have to refer to every number you collected/calculated…but
mention a couple!)
– Describe any trend you notice (i.e. As the temperature increased, the sodium polyacrylate
absorbency increased) 
Second paragraph of analysis:
– EXPLAIN what you saw; use research to help (there should be some embedded citations in this
paragraph!)

Objects don’t fuse to your finger when you touch them primarily because of the molecular forces involved and the structure of the materials involved.
Surface Properties: Most objects have surface properties that prevent them from adhering strongly to other surfaces. These surface properties are due to factors like roughness, chemical composition, and surface energy. These factors determine how strongly two surfaces will stick together when they come into contact.
Intermolecular Forces: Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between molecules. When you touch an object with your finger, the molecules on the surface of your finger and the molecules on the surface of the object interact through these intermolecular forces. However, these forces are generally not strong enough to cause the two objects to fuse together permanently.
Friction: Friction between the surfaces of your finger and the object also plays a role. Friction opposes the relative motion of the surfaces in contact. While friction can create a temporary bond between surfaces, it is typically not strong enough to cause fusion.
Mechanical Properties: The mechanical properties of the materials also play a significant role. Even if two surfaces were to adhere strongly due to some combination of surface properties and intermolecular forces, the mechanical properties of the materials would likely prevent them from fusing permanently. For example, one of the materials may deform or break before fusion occurs.
Overall, the lack of fusion between objects and your finger when you touch them is a result of a combination of surface properties, intermolecular forces, friction, and mechanical properties of the materials involved. These factors prevent objects from sticking or fusing to your finger in most cases.

1) Topic Chosen: 
How can you increase the rate of decomposition in a home composter? 
Include multiple slides for Science, Technology, Society & the Environment 
DONT include title and end slides
2) Research your topic. Refer to the following Success Criteria:
●  I can research and analyze different conventional and alternative energy technologies based on
their efficiency, and,
●  I can explain the STSE impacts associated with conventional and alternative energy technologies
OR
●  I can analyse the conditions required to maximize the efficiency of common natural or industrial
chemical reactions and explain how the improved efficiency of the reaction contributes to
environmental sustainability.
●  I can concisely present information in appropriate formats (charts, graphs, tables, etc.), using
appropriate terminology (Note: all “rough” work must be submitted)
●  I can research and communicate information, using & properly citing a variety of print and
electronic resources
3) Present your research findings/new understandings using a tool/strategy of your cchoice. Be creative

Equilibrium
Instructions
This module is focused on chemical reactions and equilibrium. Using the prompts below, compare the various reactions in your initial discussion post. After creating your initial post, respond to at least two of your peers in a substantive manner. Comments like “I agree” or “Good point” are not accepted as required responses.
Discussion Prompts
-Define chemical equilibrium in simple terms.
-Pick one condition or disease that involves an acid or base disturbance.
-Describe the condition, signs and symptoms, and treatment options.

Submit a draft of the Introduction (Section I) for instructor approval and feedback. Your draft should include all of the following critical elements:
Introduction:
Include your choice of compound and why it was chosen.
Make a connection to your experiences.
Include a preview of what you hope to convey to the reader (this will include showing how the concepts in the class help you understand the information).
What to Submit
Your submission should be about one page in length, with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, one-inch margins, and at least three citations in APA format.
What I have come up with so far:
I’m excited to delve into the compound
cellulose, a key component in renewable resources, particularly in the context
of plant-based materials. Cellulose is fascinating because of its ubiquitous
presence in the plant kingdom and its potential applications in sustainable
industries, such as biofuels, bioplastics, and textiles.
My interest in cellulose stems from both
personal and academic experiences. Personally, I’ve been increasingly drawn to
sustainable living practices, and understanding the chemistry behind renewable
resources like cellulose aligns with my goals of minimizing environmental
impact. Academically, I’ve encountered cellulose in various contexts, from
biology classes discussing plant cell structure to chemistry classes touching
on organic polymers.
Previewing what I hope to convey in Module
1, I aim to explore the molecular structure of cellulose, its properties, and
its significance in renewable resource utilization. By drawing on concepts from
my chemistry class, such as organic chemistry and polymer chemistry, I hope to
elucidate how the structure of cellulose influences its properties and its
potential applications in sustainable industries.
Cellulose is primarily composed of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen, with the chemical formula (C6H10O5)n. Considering the
elements involved, it’s noteworthy that carbon, with its versatile bonding
capabilities, forms the backbone of cellulose molecules. The dynamic periodic
table highlights carbon’s ability to form strong covalent bonds, which is
crucial in the formation of cellulose’s complex polymer structure. This
strength and stability are significant for the structural integrity of
cellulose-based materials.
This preliminary exploration sets the stage
for a deeper dive into cellulose, where I’ll examine its structure, properties,
and applications through the lens of concepts learned in my chemistry class.
Reference:
Dynamic Periodic Table. (2024). Retrieved
from https://ptable.com/#Properties

INSTRUCTIONS: 
● Research thoroughly on this topic by using various authentic resources of information like various books, journals, news articles, lesson notes and online resources. Think out of the box how you can make your report more clear and effective. 
● Create a report by mentioning all foods and beverages which are responsible for tooth erosion but choose only one food or beverage (pops, caffeine, or candy) and describe that particular item in detail. 
● Explain the topic with the help of various examples, diagrams, charts, graphs, comparative graphs, chemical structures, chemical reactions, data, and applications. 
● The evaluation will be based on the attached rubric. 
● The report should not be less than 3 pages and not more than 5 pages. 
● Reference is acceptable in both formats (MLA or APA) and you can use double space. •
Rubric is attached