Category: Criminal justice

Part 1: Define and explain:
(a) The two forms of incompatibilism (b) Compatibalism
Part 2: Plato’s Ring of Gyges. In this story, Gyges finds a ring which makes him invisible (just like Lord of the Rings). Often the story is stated such that when you are invisible you are “free to do anything you wish,” but there are many things you can’t do. If you couldn’t do math before, you still can’t. If you don’t know how to play an instrument, you still can’t. So, it seems that in some areas, freedom requires education. (a) At what point in our lives do we truly become free where we are truly responsible for our actions (if ever)? Was Gyges responsible not matter what age he was when he put on the ring? ( b) When we do reach the point of being responsible (whatever age that happens to be), then are people only free to reach the limits of their natural abilities? (i.e., I can’t be held responsible for not being as fast as a professional runner.). Which natural abilities do we have that have limits? (intelligence? Strength? All of them?) Are there any abilities we have that don’t have limits?

Listed below are the details outlining a crime scene that occurred over a period of time. You are to investigate and evaluate the crime and be prepared to present your information in a court in the form of a written document. You will have to use entomology, odontology, anthropology, pathology, and microbiology techniques to complete your investigation.
Carl and Joseph were in the woods of Georgia in early fall. They had set up a camp because they were both deer hunters. In the fall of years when the weather is cooler, deer are very prevalent. On this cool November morning, the men were walking through the woods in their quest for deer. On the second day of being in the woods, walking through what was really thick brush and uneven terrain, one of the men slipped and fell into what appeared to be a covering of a hole in the ground. As he began to try and pull himself out, he saw several skulls and bones lying around. He immediately screamed for his friend, who assisted him in getting out of the hole. Together, they looked in and saw skeletons and what appeared to be a decomposing body.
The two men called the local police. The police arrived, secured the area, and called for the forensic team to come and investigate. You are the forensic person that has been asked to identify the 5 skeletons in the grave and the body that was only partially decomposed.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Why will this particular case require the use of forensic biology? Explain in detail.
When you arrive on the scene, what is your first course of action? Describe your process, and be specific.
How will you avoid contamination at this stage of the investigation? Explain.
How will you control the other first responders or law enforcement officers? What challenges do they pose to a forensic investigator? Explain.
What will you do to identify the remains at this crime scene? Explain.
What is the documentation process for collecting and preserving this type of evidence? Explain.
How will you transport your evidence to the lab safely? Explain.
Once you arrive back at the lab, what significant risks of contamination exist? Explain.
How will you avoid this contamination? Explain.
What is the process for DNA analysis on the decomposing body?
What specific tests will you use? Explain.
How will serology play a role in the selected testing processes? Explain.
Using this decomposing body as an example, what is the process that you will follow to properly conduct this DNA test?
What challenges or barriers exist when you begin to interpret the results of your DNA test? Explain in detail.
How large of a role will facial reconstruction play in this investigation? Explain.
Next, provide 2 scenarios of court case outcomes regarding this investigation.
One scenario must result in the successful identification and conviction of the perpetrator. You will need to fill in the blanks with regard to physical evidence and other necessary details.
The other scenario must result in a wrongful conviction. You will need to identify the elements that lead to this wrongful conviction.

In the electronic age digital information is shared by many companies and government agencies. Hackers gain access to corporate databases and personal information. The Supreme Court has said that electronic monitoring devices that are in general use can be used by the police without a search warrant as long as they do not involve physical invasion of the home. Is the “reasonable expectation of privacy” still a viable standard to protect citizens from government intrusion? What standard would develop a better balance?

No directly quoted material may be used in this project paper.
Theory Case Study
The course materials present a number of criminological, sociological, and developmental theories that endeavor to explain delinquent behavior among juveniles. In this assignment, you will select a real-life, notorious crime committed by a juvenile. This may be a crime perpetrated by a juvenile many years ago, or a case that is still active and in current events. You will argue for one of the particular delinquency theories as the most appropriate explanation for the perpetrator’s actions.
Examples could include:
Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, the shooters in the 1999 Columbine High School massacre
Lee Boyd Malvo, the juvenile half of the infamous Washington, D.C., snipers in 2002
Erik Menendez, age 17, murderer of his parents, assisted by his adult brother, Joseph Menendez, in 1989
the juvenile perpetrators (Eric Rivera, Jr., age 17; and Timothy Brown, age 16) involved in the home invasion and murder of Washington Redskins star player Sean Taylor in 2007
other juvenile offenders well-known at either the national or local level may be used with the prior approval of the instructor
The paper should include the following sections:
an introduction presenting an overview of the crime, including BRIEFLY the basic facts of what happened
an analysis in which you present how one particular criminological, sociological, or developmental theory best explains the perpetrator’s actions, and why
a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of that particular theory—how it is that the theory may fall short in explaining certain aspects of the crime. In light of this, discuss what other theory or combination of theories may better account for those particular aspects of the crime
concluding thoughts summarizing your research and analysis
Format Requirements
Paper must be double spaced, 11 or 12 pt font and 1” margins all around.
All APA 7th edition format requirements must be followed (cover page, in text citations, reference page). Refer to APA/UMGC – learning resources found in the content page of this course.
You must have resources to support your thoughts/opinions/information. These must be cited both in text as well as at the end of the document. Your paper should not contain direct quotes, sourced material must be paraphrased.

Final Presentation
In a PowerPoint please post in the course upon completion, no live presentation of your findings from your final theory paper in needed. Imagine you are a speaker at a convention or TED Talk. Be sure to:
Introduce the topic.
Explain the theory and topic selected.
Use the literature to establish context.
Introduce concepts
Submission Instructions:
The paper is to be clear and concise proper grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
Support your answers with 5 references. They should be published within the last five years, scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions)
Required Textbook(s):
Terrill, R.J. (2016). World criminal justice systems: a comparative survey. Routledge.
Print: 9780323356466
eBook: 9781315624389

In this assignment you will create a dataset, codebook, and descriptive statistics from the survey you developed and disseminated!.
Dataset: After completing your survey in GoogleForms, download the data in Excel form. You can use GoogleSheets for some of the work, but it is limited in its performance of statistical tests (and all of the how-to videos are in Microsoft Excel).
Codebook: After downloading your data from the GoogleForm, provide the corresponding information in the codebook so you know how response categories are coded. This should be the first sheet in your Excel Workbook
Descriptive statistics: You will conduct descriptive statistics for three different variables PER GROUP MEMBER, but at least one nominal, one ordinal, and one continuous (ratio or interval).  You will also produce a thematic analysis of one open-ended question. Each variable’s descriptive statistics will be presented on a separate worksheet in your Excel workbook (for a total of 4 worksheets). You will also write a sentence or two describing the variable’s descriptive statistics.
Keep in mind you may have to/want to recode your variables to present more meaningful responses. If you choose to delete the missing data (NAs/don’t knows/NAP) be sure to report in your written description how many responses were considered missing.
See the EXAMPLE assignment: EXAMPLE descriptive stats Galuzzi Fall 20.xlsx Download EXAMPLE descriptive stats Galuzzi Fall 20.xlsx.
Refer back to the Resources posted in Module 3.
Guidelines
Here is what is expected for each variable. All this analysis will be completed in Excel.
1) For categorical variables, create figures (column, bar, pie charts, etc.) to depict the frequencies in addition to frequency tables that include counts and proportion/percent. Write a brief description of the data in an open cell for each variable.
2) For ordinal variables, create figures (column, bar, pie charts, etc.) to depict the frequencies in addition to frequency tables that include counts and proportion/percent. Write a brief description of the data in an open cell for each variable. You will also provide full descriptive statistics including mean, median, mode, standard deviation, range, minimum, and maximum. Write a description in an open cell reporting this information.
3) For interval/ratio variables, provide full descriptive statistics including mean, median, mode, standard deviation, range, minimum, and maximum. Write a description in an open cell reporting this information.
4) For open-ended questions, conduct a thematic analysis like you did in your field observation analysis where you identify the primary themes/domains/categories representing the patterns in responses.
What you will submit:
Excel file with the raw data, codebook, and descriptive information for each variable on separate worksheets. The presentation of the information should be clean and readable. For each variable’s descriptive statistical information where appropriate you will create a figure to visually depict the data. For open-ended information, you will present your thematic codes where you define and describe the main themes.  

Answer 5 essay questions.The student must complete the questions utilizing the links and text. The answers must be complete with APA format. It will cover the material from weeks one through four (Chapters 1 through 8 in your text) Please answer the questions in a minimum of 4 paragraphs with at least 1 reference and 1 citation.
Textbook: (Payne, 2017) White Collar Crime, The Essentials, Second edition, Sage Publications, 2455 Teller Rd. Thousand Oaks Calif., ISBN: 978-1-5063-4477-5
1.What is the definition of white collar crime including the Sutherland explanation with critcisms?
2. What are the consequences of white collar crime?
3.Describe automobile repair/sales fraud. Please give examples of recent cases.
4.Explain attorney and judicial misconduct. Give examples of each.
5.Describe white collar crimes found within the educational system by professionals and students.

Application Exercises Content
Since the Supreme Court decision in 1963, Gideon v. Wainwright, the Court ruled that the federal and state governments must provide legal counsel to defendants unable to afford counsel pursuant to the 6th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.   
Describe the facts of the case, the opinion of the court, and the reasons upon which the opinion was based.
Describe another opportunity in our system for reform, and the benefits that would be derived from the reform. 
Create PowerPoint Slides  
PPT Slides: 6-8 slides  
Additional slide with cited sources (Format: MLA or APA format)  
2-3 Outside sources  
Answer the prompt provided

(5-7 pages) – Discuss the legal
issues surrounding your topic, how relevant court decisions have impacted
the problem, and the strategies used to address it. Search for case law, court decisions, legal precedents, and lawsuits that apply to your topic.
Topic: maternal incarceration and how maternal incarceration affects children’s behavior as they grow up, especially those who are born in a prison environment.
Focus on incarceration in the United States, Case Study in the United States. 

Complete this assignment with minimum length of 2 pages. A proper heading and/or cover page must be included with your name, assignment title, course and date listed. Please cite the textbook or any outside academic resources (can use CFCC library online) in APA format (see student help resources) . The assignment will be evaluated based on content, clarity, organization and format. 
Students will  investigate the policing styles in their neighborhood (town or city). Focus on the different types of patrol (incident-driven, directed, general) and what discuss patrol in their city or town. Also, which types of patrols do they think are most effective or would be most effective in their area? What is the structure of the law enforcement agency? Why are some of the challenges for law enforcment?
Don’t worry about the citing of the textbook I can do that on my own.