Category: Economics

Overview
Please provide figures/data from your chosen Economic Case Study Topic from Week 1.
You will be responsible for providing visual figures (Charts, Graphs) that will be used in your final presentation. Data should come from PUMS or other accredited sources (Similar to the databases used in BUS 466/Statistics).
Potential Data Reference (Data USA):  https://datausa.io/
I have attached my case study in health care you need to find data for 
-inflation numbers 
-shortage of workforce vs how many people we have vs how many they needed
-transportation issues 
-boarder control measures
-sully shortages 
-infections decreasing in 2022 
-increase in demand for providers
Instructions
Upload an Excel spreadsheet with pivot tables and figures. Please submit 3 figures for both the demand and supply section. Make sure to include shifters. Upload your Week 1 case study narrative with references added for the figures you create in Excel so it is clear you have made the connections required.

There are four major methods of economic evaluation used in health care decision-making.  The four methods are the cost of illness studies, cost-benefit analysis, cost-utility analysis, and cost-effectiveness analysis.  Please note that your textbook treats cost-utility analysis as a special form of cost-effectiveness analysis.  You have been assigned to evaluate a new medication for disease X.  I have purposely made up a disease to keep you from approaching this question as if you were looking at a medical clinical trial for the effectiveness of the mediation.  Your focus needs to be on how you would perform the economic evaluation of the medication.  Write an essay in which you address the four questions listed below.  The average length of the essay to answer this question should be at least one typed single-spaced page or two double-spaced pages.
Which of the four types of economic evaluation would you use to perform your evaluation? 
What advantages does the type of evaluation you selected have over the other three for this study? 
What are some of the disadvantages or limitations of the evaluation you selected? 
What information would you need to gather to perform your evaluation? (Please remember you are doing an economic evaluation not a medical/clinical trial for treatment.)

Assignment and Instructions for Case Decision/Opinion on WOTUS rule:
There has been a longstanding difficulty determining the regulatory extent of the Clean Water Act. The act’s plain language has proven difficult in that it refers to the navigable ‘waters of the US’ or WOTUS. The act clearly calls for federal regulation to protect the quality of these waters- what is unclear is whether the intention is to protect by only regulating the navigable waters, or if the federal government has the authority and legal obligation to regulate waters that feed the navigable waters of the US- in that they clearly affect the water quality of the navigable waters themselves.
Former President Obama’s EPA Director Gina McCarthy adopted a new ‘definitional rule’ that the EPA claimed at the time eliminated the confusion and clarified the EPA authority to regulate waters beyond just those determined as navigable. This rule was challenged by many as an overreach of authority and lacking in grounding in the plain language of the act. On October 9, 2015 the US Court of Appeals for the Sixth District stayed the new WOTUS rule pending further determination by the courts. New (former) EPA Director Scott Pruitt and his successor Andrew Wheeler are working to rescind the rule and reset the WOTUS rule to pre-2015. These efforts resulted in the ‘Navigable Waters Protection Rule’ executed by then President Trump. As litigation carried on, the new President Biden vowed to restore the definition to the Obama-era rule. In May 2023, the Supreme Court of the United States of American ruled on Sackett v. EPA, significantly limiting the extent of WOTUS. The Biden administration then had no choice but to promulgate a new “Revised Definition of ‘WOTUS”. But several environmentalists contend that the conservative majority of the Supreme Court was not overly balanced in their ruling and dismissed several avenues of scientific fact and longstanding legislative intent found in the plain language of the Clean Water Act.
Your assignment is to imagine you were one of the dissenting justices charged with writing a dissenting opinion on the Sackett v. EPA case. In your own words (and without using AI nor plagiarizing the actual dissenting opinions provided) tell me why the majority got it wrong. (It is okay if you actually think they got it right- it is a good exercise of legal thinking to walk a mile in the other side’s shoes.)
Your opinion is not to exceed 3 pages of typed text (double-spaced) and must align in reasonable fashion to the following structure (following the judicial writing manual- consult the section ‘Organizing and Writing the Opinion’ in HuskyCT):
(1)An introductory statement of the nature and procedural posture of the case
(2)A statement of the issues to be decided
(3)A description of the material facts
(4)A discussion of the governing legal principles and the resolution of the issue(s)
(5)Any necessary instructions on how to proceed
NOTE: you need not dwell on legalese, and will not be graded on proper usage- rather I am interested in your ability to dissect the issues to their core facts and principles on both sides of the issue(s) at hand and render a rational dissent that you believe correct, fair, and most importantly legal on established grounds.
The Judicial Writing Manual will assist you in how to write a legal opinion: Judicial Writing Manual
You should also review the assignment rubric
The following web resources are relevant to the circumstance in the assignment:
https://www.epa.gov/wotus
https://eelp.law.harvard.edu/2017/09/defining-waters-of-the-united-states-clean-water-rule/
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-06/documents/epa-hq-ow-2011-0880-20862.pdf
http://www.politico.com/story/2015/05/epa-waterways-wetlands-rule-118319
https://lawprofessors.typepad.com/environmental_law/2023/04/the-wotus-rule-deserves-better-judging.html
Assignment and Instructions for Case Decision 1.2019.docx
incase I will put them in the drop files too

When completing the SWAs, make sure to follow these submission guidelines. Failing to follow these instructions will result in a grade of zero.
Your assignment should be typed, not hand-written.
Do not include your name or UFID anywhere in the SWA or file name.
Submit your SWA as a PDF file.
The SWA prompt will ask you to include a graph. You MUST include this graph to get full credit for the SWA. You should hand-draw your graph and scan a clear picture of it to embed in your assignment document. Your hand-drawn graph must be clear and precise. Otherwise, I cannot award credit. When drawing your graph, you must:
Use graph paper and a ruler to construct your graph.
Label both axes and all curves.
Identify the specific values of important intercepts and intersection points.
The figure attatched depicts the market for corn. Suppose corn is a normal good and people’s incomes increase. Also suppose the price of the fertilizer used to grow corn increases. The effect of the increase in income shifts the relevant curve by 20,000 bushels of corn at every price. The effect of the increase in the price of the fertilizer shifts the relevant curve by 10,000 bushels of corn at every price.
If a curve shifts in response to the change in income, clearly tell which curve and what direction (right or left) while if neither curve shifts give that as your answer. If a curve shifts in response to the change in the price of the fertilizer, again clearly tell which curve and what direction (right or left) but if neither curve shifts, then give that as your answer. Report the new equilibrium price of a bushel of corn and the new equilibrium quantity. Using JUST the initial equilibrium price and quantity and the new equilibrium price and quantity, can you calculate the price elasticity of demand? If so, what does it equal; if not, explain why not.
In your essay, you should embed a graph that clearly depicts (1) the correct shift(s), (2) the new equilibrium price and the equilibrium quantity.

Assess the external environment for the organization you researched in Wk 1. Based on your assessment and the organization’s strengths and weaknesses you identified in Wk 1, evaluate opportunities for that organization to add economic, social, and environmental value. Recommend an opportunity that best capitalizes on the organization’s valuable, rare, and hard-to-imitate resources; is least impacted by the organization’s weaknesses; and will take best advantage of the external environment. Create a Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation to present your assessment, evaluation, and recommendation. Include the following sections in your presentation: A cover slide An agenda A desсrіption of the organization (1 slide with speaker’s notes). A summary of the strengths and weaknesses of the organization (2 slides with speaker’s notes) Key aspects of your assessment of the external environment that present opportunities for adding value, such as trends, unmet needs, unsolved problems, under-served consumer groups, etc. (2-3 slides with speaker’s notes) An evaluation of opportunities to add economic value (1 slide with speaker’s notes) An evaluation of opportunities to add social value (1 slide with speaker’s notes) An evaluation of opportunities to add environmental value (1 slide with speaker’s notes). Note: Some opportunities may appear on more than 1 slide. For example, you may find an opportunity that adds economic, social, and environmental value. A recommended opportunity to pursue first, with a rationale that shows how the opportunity capitalizes on the organization’s valuable, rare, and hard-to-imitate resources; is not much impacted by the organization’s weaknesses; and takes advantage of the external environment (1 slide, with speaker’s notes) A conclusion References Cite references to support your assignment. Format your citations according to APA guidelines

Overview
Company mergers are very busy and challenging times for corporate leadership. The role that HR plays during a merger is often complex and far-reaching. In this assignment, you write an executive brief that considers aspects of how an HR department might prioritize and operate to support the union of two companies.
Preparation
How to Brief an Executive
There is no single correct way to brief an executive or other stakeholder. The final deliverable is your choice, but effective briefs have common elements; they should be clear, concise, relevant, well-structured, and provide decision-making information. Here are a couple of resources you may use to get started:
How to Brief an ExecutiveLinks to an external site.: A podcast from the Communications Guys.
How to Write a Formal Business Report (With Examples)Links to an external site.: Hints from Indeed.
Scenario
Imagine that Anchor Hospital, a 250-bed medical center, is merging with the similar-sized Saint Mary’s Hospital to better serve the needs of its metropolitan community. An administrative board has been formed to guide all aspects of the merger. They have asked all departments to submit an executive brief that states their roles, intended model of operations, and initial steps to build interdepartmental relationships.
The board’s primary concern for HR is how it will manage the merging of the workforce into a single, cohesive, and effective team. They want to understand HR’s primary role, guiding principles, and application of current practice. Specifically, they want your vision for the following:
A merger-related current best practice or trend that is being successfully employed by HR departments.
HR’s primary role in assimilating the workforces for the two hospitals.
The HR management model is to be followed.
How to foster relationships between HR and department managers.
Instructions
Write a 3-4-page executive brief that addresses the following merger-related items:
Recommend a relevant HR trend or practice that would be useful to consider as part of this merger. Justify your recommendation.
Analyze HR’s primary role(s) as a strategic corporate partner in merging the workforces of the organizations.
Recommend an HRM model that would effectively steer the joining of each organization’s employees into a single, cohesive workforce. Justify your recommendation.
Recommend two initial steps that HR should initiate to develop an effective relationship between HR and management. Justify your recommendation.
Additional Requirements
Resources: Use four sources to support your writing. Choose sources that are credible, relevant, and appropriate. Cite each source listed on your source page at least one time within your assignment. For help with research, writing, and citation, access the library or review library guides.
SWS: This course requires the use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The library is your home for SWS assistance, including citations and formatting. Please refer to the Library site for all support. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
The specific course learning outcome associated with this assignment is:
Determine strategies for HR operations including defining organizational roles and relations with leadership.

Competency
In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:
Analyze the process of unionization and collective bargaining in an organization
Scenario
You are working as an HR analyst for a company that employs 400 employees and manufactures household items. The order fulfillment department has begun the process of campaigning to organize a union. This is a significant number of employees; they make up 40% of your company’s workforce.
As an HR professional, it is critical that you be familiar with the laws and regulations surrounding the process of unionization. You may be called upon to support supervisors, managers, or nonunion employees with questions during an active campaign. Human Resources acts as a valuable resource to an organization about what is and is not legally permitted during the union organizing process. Your organization’s failure to comply with laws and regulations during a union campaign can have a lasting impact and may result in monetary fines.
Directions
In the first section of this project refer to the following list of primary steps in a union campaign. While the entire process of a campaign has many more steps, these are the most crucial and the ones that are most prone to rule violations by either company management or the union:
Organizing Campaign: Employees and union representatives work together to gather employee support for a union.
Authorization: 30% of employees “sign” cards to authorize union representation and have an election.
Union Files for Election: Election is conducted by the National Labor Relations Board, and 50% of the employees vote for union representation.
Employees with Union Representation and Management Create a Contract: A collective bargaining agreement is negotiated.
To complete the first section of this project, create a table with these headings: Union Campaign Step, Prohibited Management Activity, and Prohibited Union Activity. For each listed step, you will document three activities that management are not permitted to enact during an official union campaign. You will also document two activities that the unions are not permitted to enact during the campaign.
In the second section of this project, refer to the Collective Bargaining Agreement excerpt provided in the Supporting Materials section. Consider the rights of management and the rights of the union. Describe benefits and drawbacks of the collective bargaining agreement for the employer. Complete your examination of the collective bargaining agreement by giving an example of a situation where there might be a conflict between management rights and the contract provision. Describe how you would advise management to resolve this situation.
Specifically, you must address the following rubric criteria:
1. Campaign Steps Table
A. Management Prohibited Activities: Describe three management activities that would be considered prohibited at each stage of the campaign process.
B.Union Prohibited Activities: Describe two union activities that would be considered prohibited at each stage of the campaign process.
2. Common Provisions for Collective Bargaining
A .Benefits: Discuss at least four benefits of the collective bargaining agreement for the employer providing specific examples to support the claims.
B. Drawbacks: Discuss at least four drawbacks of the collective bargaining agreement for the employer providing specific examples to support the claims.
i. What items fall under the rights of management?
ii. What items fall under the rights of unions according to the NLRB?
C. Rights Conflicts: Describe an example situation where the rights of management may conflict with the collective bargaining agreement.
i. Consider the example in the Collective Bargaining Agreement excerpt in the Supporting Materials section.
ii. Discuss your advice to management on how to resolve the conflict.
Supporting Materials
The following resource(s) may help support your work on the project:
Resource: Collective Bargaining Agreement
Use this excerpt from a collective bargaining agreement to complete the second part of your project.

Name the Stage of Change for this client and if not in the Action Phase, how could you motivate this client to engage treatment?
Ms. Clark is in the preparation action stage. She is committed to making change and thinking about ways to stop drinking so much. She doesn’t want to quit all together but will if that’s what it took. She prefers some medicine from Dr. Seal to help with anxiety in order to start cutting back. She mentioned it would be nice for her to have someone to talk to as well. I could motivate the client to engage treatment by sending her back to Dr. Seal to see if he wants to prescribe anything right away or wait. Knowing she is more willing to cut back if she has medication, I would encourage her to set up an appointment with a talk therapist first and try to get a few sessions in before deciding or not that medicine is a good idea. I would give her a therapist she could get set up with right away.
Barsky (2006) says, “A client could be an individual, family, group, organization, or community,” (p. 117) and provides some guidelines for you to consider when making this determination. Using these concepts of your reading, who would you define as the client? Justify your answer with the readings/lecture and information in the video. (This reading is located in Module 3 if you want a refresher.)
The client is an individual. Based on Barsky (2006), one determines who the client is by asking 5 questions. Summing up the 5 questions would be, Who is willing, Who is required by law, which individuals are necessary, who needs to participate in assessment, and who is the worker competent and able to work with (Barsky, 2006). Ms. Clark is being seen for herself. She is the only person willing to work with the social worker. She is the only one participating in the assessment. She is not required by law but willingly coming on her own.
As you envision this client, what resources would you use to develop an initial assessment? Who else would you want to reach out to for additional information, with client permission?
As I envision the client, I would use the CAGE screening tool to develop my initial assessment. It is a simple 5 question screening that would give me an idea of where my client is at (Mack et al., 2016). Knowing my client wants a prescription drug, I would also have her take the Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale (AASE) To see if she has a high chance of not being tempted to drink as much as she is while taking a prescription medication (DiClemente et al., 1994). It would show me how much she is tempted and how well she could abstain. I would reach out to a psychotherapist who can do talk therapy and if that therapist sees the needs for medication, then to get in contact with a psychiatrist.
Mack, A.H., Brady, K. T., Miller, S.I., & Frances, R. J. (2016). Clinical Textbook of Addictive Disorders (4th ed.). Guilford Press: New York.
DiClemente, C. C., Carbonari, J. P., Montgomery, R. P., & Hughes, S. O. (1994). The alcohol abstinence self-efficacy scale. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 55(2), 141–148. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1994.55.141
What strengths does this client (individual, family, group, organization, or community) possess that can be mobilized to gain help and healing?
The strengths of the client are that she is highly motivated. She is willing to put in the work. Ms. Clark recognizes that she is drinking more than she would like and that it could be a potential problem. She is aware of her anxiety and stress and really wants help to alleviate the anxiety. She is thinking about her children and her job and she wants to continue to be a good mother and provider for her family. She is willing to do what it takes to get better.

Part 1: Expenditures Approach to Calculating GDP Create the table that contains the following information for the most recent quarter where data required for this exercise is available. Please note that using the data for previous years and/or previous estimates will produce grade zero for this part of the project. b) Calculate the percentage (the proportion) of each category in nominal
GDP and in real GDP. 2. Write a report (2 pages double – spaced), which contains an analysis of the results you received.

Your discussion should include the relevance of one economic/business concept from this week’s chapters. Indicate the concept at the beginning of your post, and highlight that concept at least once in your discussion. Task: Respond to the following questions and, if appropriate, include your personal experience or observations as part of your answer: Many U.S.firms have outsourced their production and service to other countries. In fact, most iPhones and other smartphones are made not in the U.S. but in China. Many politicians, notably President Trump, and commentators argue that the government should protect domestic jobs in this country by penalizing the practice of outsourcing jobs to other countries. How are you affected by this practice? Are you hurt by outsourcing as a consumer and as an ordinary resident in the U.S. If you are from another country, you may talk about your experience in that country. Keep in mind that your discussion should include the relevance of at least one economic/business concept from this week’s chapters.