Category: Law

this is a research paper for my women in law course. I have submitted a first draft and receieved feeback. I need my final research paper to be completed, including in text referencing a bibliogrpahy. The advice I receied was to narrow down the paper to a particular section of gender discriminiation, for example: sexual harassment, the gender pay back, or pregnacny discrimination. Please research and chose one of these that would make for the best essay. I can provide my draft with the feedback. 

The assigment is about property rights and claims for individual party. Some area to consider include bailment, license, constructive possession, trespass . Some case law and authority are 
Trachuk v Olinek, 1996,  
Robertson v Wallace, 2000, 
Harrison v Carswell, 1976, 
Yanner
v Eaton
[1999] etc.  

In Brazil, the export industry always finds ways to cut costs. The international community expressed its dismay at the manufacturers’ latest cost-cutting decision to replace flouride with diethylene glycol in toothpaste. Flouride is designed to strengthen teeth enamel. Diethylene glycol is a poisonous substance used to make chemicals that are widely used by the automobile industry.
The end product exported from Brazil was poisonous toothpaste that was not labeled to indicate that it contained diethylene glycol. When the poisonous chemical was found in the toothpaste, Costa Rican government officials issued a warning telling consumers to discard the toothpaste. In 2019, a study found that toothpaste containing diethylene glycol was harmless if the chemical concentration was below 15.6 percent. The contaminated toothpaste found in Costa Rica contained levels as high as 5 percent. Costa Rican government officials warned that it was unsafe in any concentration. It is especially harmful for children, as well as those suffering from weakened kidneys.
In July 2020, due to growing concern about the safety of the imported toothpaste, the Costa Rican government banned all manufacturers from using diethylene glycol in toothpaste. Investigators believed that the toothpaste originated from two small manufacturers in the Brazil but the manufacturers denied any wrongdoing.
The contaminated toothpaste was found in five shipping containers but there have not been any confirmed illnesses or deaths from using the contaminated toothpaste. If you were manufacturing toothpaste and decided to substitute diethylene glycol for glycerin, would you consider it your ethical obligation to tell the consumer?

Chapter 3
Assignments: 3, 5, 6, 12 (a,b,c)
Note: You will not need to use Westlaw to answer Assignment 12.
Chapter 4
Assignments: 2, 5, 10, 16 (Cardwell v. Gwaltney on page 571 in the textbook)
Instructions and Guidance:
You will need to use databases available in Westlaw to complete these assignments (other than Ch. 3  Assignment 12 and Chapter 4 Assignment 16). Information on using Westlaw is available under the Legal Help Center.
Submit all of your assignments in one document, rather than one for each chapter
You should review all of the Exercises and Assignments in your textbook in order to fully understand the material, not only the ones that are assigned. You will be graded on the assigned assignments, but you are responsible for reviewing all of the Exercises and Assignments in your textbook.
Due Date:
You must submit this assignment by Sunday 11:59 PM (ET).  Late submissions may not be accepted at all or subject to a penalty.

Instructions
Revise & Edit the Affirmation in Support of Summary Judgment in Melmarkets Case
An Affirmation in Support of Summary Judgment in a case entitled Melmarkets is available in Class Materials. It is a slip and fall case in a supermarket. When you read it you will note that it is very repetitive and at times confusing. Please revise, retype and shorten the affirmation keeping it in the same format (ie: consecutively numbered paragraphs, double spaced, etc.). You should also read the articles, particularly “Keys to Clear Writing…”, posted in the Lecture Notes/Videos module.
The motion you are revising won. The Court’s decision is attached to the document. Despite winning, it is a very wordy and confusing Affirmation that could have been made much shorter, easier to understand, and stronger legally. You can build the case law into the affirmation as the attorney did. You should NOT include any additional case law. Simply use what is already in the affirmation unless you decide to eliminate certain things. For example, you may determine not to discuss or mention the two cases cited in the Affirmation, or you may determine not to quote from the Bill of Particulars and instead just reference it. Use what is already contained in the Affirmation and revise it. The cases as portrayed in the Affirmation are accurate.
There is no right way or wrong way to revise the Affirmation. Your assignment is to improve it, making it the best you possibly can through editing and revising it. You do not have to revise or re-type the Notion of Motion or the Court’s Order, only the Affirmation itself.
Keep in mind the grading for this assignment, as for the others, is based substantially on your effort. Revising and editing is something that is continually done in a law firm. Also keep in mind that when a document, motion, affirmation, letter or any type of writing is clear, to the point, and seemingly simply and straight-forward, it was likely edited and revised numerous times to get it into that shape.
If you have any questions or run into any issues as you write, please email me. I will not respond to emails after 5 pm on May 16th because you should have substantially completed your revisions by then. You do not have to do anything with the Notice of Motion or the Order that follows the affirmation, just ignore those 2 documents.
This is your final project for this class and counts much like a final exam would. You have several weeks, almost a month, to start and complete this assignment. You should begin working on it as soon as possible. If you save it for the last minute and then have questions, you will not be able to have those questions answered by me after May 16th.
Ideally, you should have a first draft of your revised Affirmation done by May 10th and continue to work on it and edit it over the next week. Of course, you are able to go to the Learning Center and get assistance from Rachael if you need to.
This Assignment will NOT be accepted late. If it is not submitted by the due date, it is doubtful a student will be able to pass the class. DO NOT merely remove a few words or a few paragraphs. Substantially rewrite it and edit it so that it makes sense, and find ways to make the points clearer.
In summary judgment motions, the facts are not disputed; what plaintiff has claimed is accepted as true. The sole question is a legal one – Does this case need a trial? Or, said differently…Does plaintiff have any facts that a jury should decide or can the case be dismissed as a matter of law by the judge based upon the arguments presented?
Given that, think about whether you want to call it the “alleged condition” as was done in the original motion, or whether you might want to just say what it was — a grape. Your choice. Good luck!
You MUST submit 2 attachments  in Word form- the original Affirmation retyped by you that is attached here and also in Class Materials as a PDF, AND a red-lined copy of your revised Affirmation in Word.
THEREFORE, YOU MUST 1ST RETYPE THE AFFIRMATION IN WORD FORM IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO SUBMIT A RED-LINED VERSION IN WORD FORMAT. A MINIMUM OF 30 POINTS WILL BE DEDUCTED IF A RED-LINED VERSION IS NOT ATTACHED. 
You can easily begin re-typing the Affirmation as soon as you have viewed this Assignment. Doing so will help you with your revisions.

The paper should incorporate some of the theories, concepts, and legal issues covered during the course. The paper should be a minimum of 12 pages long for LL.M. students and a minimum of 8 pages long for undergraduate students. There is no limitation as to the maximum number of pages. The format of the paper should be as follows: Times New Roman, size 12, 1,5 spaced. If you use AI, then you should cite it. Please follow citation guidelines to avoid plagiarism.

This is a Constituitional Rights Uk assignment. There are two sections in the main
Question.   Section A and Section B. You must have to choose at least one Problem
Question from          Section A and 
At least
one Essay Question from Section B. In addition, For the Problem Question you
need 
to use IRAC
method for solving this Problem Question. IRAC stands for Issue, Rule,
Analysis 
and
Conclusion. First you need to Identify the issues from each party and then
state correct 
rule
( remember you must have to define the rule you are stating) relevant to the
Scenario 
using
relevant caselaw and Statute from the reading material ( textbooks, caselaws,               statutes, journal articles etc.) I have attached for your kind 
information. On the other hand, the  Section B
Essay Question you need to include Introduction ( background information, 
Creating an outline ), Main Body ( by
stating correct rule and    creating Clear and              Concise 
argument,  good level of analysis and Counter argument and 
Analysis and finally a  conclusion. Remember the Each Question Problem and Essay question will be
1500 words    and in total 3000 words. I have provided a good level
of reading   materials  read them       
carefully and use them where relevant to the Each Question. For citation
just use the  in-text citation ( Just author name and page number, short
form of case law name) but do not provide bibliography. Just in-text
citation     will be fine. Do not use any external sources.
Essay    Question ten sources required but for   the
Problem Question use as many caselaws and         
Statutes depending on your approach      but the word
count should be 1500 maximum. Read all of the materials and marking
criteria   for answering the Questions.  Do not hesitate to
contact if any question arises. Remember,   Analysis is very
important part for both answers.  Language must be UK simple language
throughout the paper. Good luck with your tasks. I’m expecting a High Quality
paper but language must be simple and Clear throughout the     
paper.    
Also, have
a look at the samples but do not copy them at all. Just follow the structure
and    
Format. 

follow this AGLC4 referencing 
use the 3 references listed 
1. Zimmermann, Augusto and Lorraine Finlay, ‘Reforming Federalism : A Proposal for Strengthening the Australian Federation’ (2011) 37(2) Monash University law review 190
2. Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 (Imp) 63 & 64 Vict, c 12, s9 1977 6 (Federal Register of Legislation)
3. Q. Walker, Geoffrey, ‘Rediscovering the Advantages of Federalism’, Parliament of Australia
Assessment 2 Rubric
Criteria Ratings Points
Structure and content of Introduction
2 to >1.67 pts
Outstanding Competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
a) Highly organised – the needed structural sentences for the introduction (i.e., the general comment, thesis and outline sentences) are outstanding and in correct order. b) The general comment shows importance of topic and generates interest but is not part of the argument and does not answer question. c) The thesis is clear and concise. d) The outline sentences provide information on paragraph content and order of arguments. The scope is clear, concise and accurate.
1.67 to >1.33 pts
Competent (Distinction to Credit)
a) Excellent organisation – the required structural sentences for the introduction (i.e., the general comment, thesis and outline sentences) are excellent and in correct order. b) The general comment explains the importance of the topic and generates interest but is not part of the argument and does not answer question. c) The thesis is understandable but may not be concise. d) The outline sentences do provide information on paragraph content and order of arguments. The scope is clear.
1.33 to >1 pts
Demonstrated (Credit to Pass)
a) Some organisation demonstrated – the required structural sentences for the introduction (i.e., the general comment, thesis and outline sentences) are identifiable but are not in correct order. Some understanding of required introduction structure is demonstrated. b) The general comment may be part of the argument or may be unrelated. c) Thesis may be absent, or attempted but may be weak or unclear. d) The outline sentences may not provide information on paragraph content and order of arguments or may be a continuation of thesis. The scope is somewhat clear.
1 to >0 pts
Not yet demonstrating skills effectively (Pass to Fail)
a) Poorly organised – the required structural sentences for the introduction may not be present nor identifiable (i.e., the general comment, thesis and outline sentences). Little understanding of required introduction structure is demonstrated. b) Thesis is absent or unclear. c) The outline sentences are missing or do not provide information on paragraph content and order of arguments. The scope of the paper is not clear.
/ 2 pts
Describe Australia’s federal system of government
4 to >3 pts
Outstanding competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
a) Outstanding description of Australia’s federal system of government b) Paragraph/s are well organised, beginning with a clear topic sentence. There are supporting sentences that expand on the central idea, with evidence from research included. The concluding sentence restates the idea in the topic sentence, also shows how that information helps answer the question. The paragraph/s contains at least 4-5 sentences.
3 to >2.75 pts
Competent (Distinction to Credit)
a) Excellent description of Australia’s federal system of government b) Paragraphs are well organised, including a clear topic sentence and supporting information, which follows through on thesis clearly.
2.75 to >2 pts
Demonstrated (Credit to Pass)
a) Sound description of Australia’s federal system of government There may be minor errors or omissions of relevant information, or irrelevant inclusions. b) Paragraphs may have underdeveloped topic sentences or organisation. Relationship of each paragraph to the thesis may be limited or unclear.
2 to >0 pts
Not yet demonstrating skills (Pass to Fail)
a) Limited or incorrect identification and description of Australia’s federal system of government. b) Paragraphing not evident/ or not organised according to essay conventions (e.g., may have no topic sentence and no supporting evidence). Relationship of each paragraph to the thesis may be limited or unclear.
/ 4 pts
Discuss if Australia’s federal system of government should be maintained in the 21st century.
8 to >6 pts
Outstanding competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
a) Outstanding discussion, including coverage of advantages and disadvantages of current system. b) Paragraph/s are well organised, beginning with a clear topic sentence. There are supporting sentences that expand on the central idea, with evidence from research included. The concluding sentence restates the idea in the topic sentence, also shows how that information helps answer the question. The paragraph/s contains at least 4-5 sentences.
6 to >5.5 pts
Competent (Distinction to Credit)
a) Excellent discussion, including coverage of advantages and disadvantages. b) Paragraphs are well organised, including a clear topic sentence and supporting information, which follows through on thesis clearly.
5.5 to >4 pts
Demonstrated (Credit to Pass)
5.5 to >4 Pts a) Sound discussion of the current system. There may be minor errors or omissions of relevant information, or irrelevant inclusions. b) Paragraphs may have underdeveloped topic sentences or organisation. Relationship of each paragraph to the thesis may be limited or unclear.
4 to >0 pts
Not yet demonstrating skills (Pass to Fail)
a) Limited, vague or simplistic discussion of current system. b) Paragraphing not evident/ or not organised according to essay conventions (e.g., may have no topic sentence and no supporting evidence). Relationship of each paragraph to the thesis may be limited or unclear.
/ 8 pts
Research
2 to >1.5 pts
Outstanding competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
a) Outstanding and thoughtful selection of research b) Extensive range of research integrated into analysis c) All resources are relevant and reliable.
1.5 to >1 pts
Competent (Distinction to Credit)
a) An excellent range of research used. b) Research effectively integrated into the analysis. c) Most sources are relevant and reliable.
1 pts
Demonstrated (Credit to Pass)
a) Research was satisfactory, but perhaps not consistently so. b) Research integrated into the analysis. c) Some sources may be not relevant and/or reliable.
1 to >0 pts
Developing (Pass to Fail)
a) Research was minimal/ unsatisfactory or there may be over reliance on mandatory sources. b) Research and analysis are not integrated. c) Sources may not be relevant or reliable.
/ 2 pts
Structure and content of Conclusion
2 to >1.67 pts
Outstanding competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
Provides closure by reiterating the thesis and summarising most important findings while outlining the significance of the research in a broad context
1.67 to >1 pts
Competent (Distinction to Credit)
Provides closure by reiterating the thesis and summarising most important findings.
1 pts
Demonstrated (Credit to Pass)
Provides closure by restating the thesis and providing only a partial summary of findings.
1 to >0 pts
Not yet demonstrating skills effectively (Pass to Fail)
Conclusion does not provide closure and findings are not summarised. Points uncertain or unclear.
/ 2 pts
Academic Style
1 to >0.75 pts
Outstanding competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
Language and structure conform to academic style and enhances analysis. Third person is used consistently and language is formal and clear. Precise language and varied words always used. The submission is free from spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors.
0.75 to >0.5 pts
Competent (Distinction to Credit)
Language and structure conform to academic style and contributes to analysis. Third person is used consistently. Precise language and varied words mostly used. There may be a small number of errors in spelling, grammar, however meaning remains mostly clear.
0.5 pts
Demonstrated (Credit to Pass)
Language and structure mostly conform to academic style. Writer may shift person throughout the essay or uses “you” and “I” infrequently and/or use slang. Clichés, repetition of words and imprecise words may be occasionally used. Proofreading needs work as there may be several errors in spelling, grammar, and punctuation which occasionally obscure meaning.
0.5 to >0 pts
Not yet demonstrating skills effectively (Pass to Fail)
Does not conform to academic style. (E.g., 1st person pronouns are used frequently. Clichés, repetition of words and imprecise words are used. Numerous errors in spelling or grammar, readability of the paper is low. Proofreading weak to very weak.
/ 1 pts
Inclusion of 3 Mandatory sources
2 to >0 pts
Outstanding competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
At least 3 Mandatory sources included in paragraphs
0 pts
Developing
Less than 3 mandatory resouces included in paragraphs.
/ 2 pts
Footnoting
2 to >1.5 pts
Outstanding competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
All references correspond correctly to the works cited on page, which is fully accurate according to AGLC4 guidelines.
1.5 to >1 pts
Competent (Distinction to Credit)
Most references correspond correctly to the works cited on page which is mostly accurate according to AGLC4 guidelines.
1 to >0.5 pts
Demonstrated (Credit to Pass)
While internal citations correspond to works cited, in several cases information is inaccurate, incorrectly formatted or incomplete.
0.5 to >0 pts
Pass to Fail – Developing
Referencing errors are significant and plagiarism is a clear possibility.
/ 2 pts
Bibliography
2 to >1.5 pts
Outstanding Competence (High Distinction to Distinction)
Bibliography corresponds exactly to AGLC4 guidelines and has no errors. I
1.5 to >1 pts
Competent (Distinction to Credit)
Bibliography mostly formatted correctly; some minor errors may be evident.
1 pts
Demonstrated (Credit to Pass)
a) Bibliography not formatted correctly, (e.g., author’s surnames not first and/or not listed in alphabetical order in correct sections, etc.).
1 to >0 pts
Pass to Fail – Developing
Bibliography not included or only a partial attempt is made.
/ 2 pts
it doesnt have to be perfect just completed. 

Task 2: Produce an infographic about the Civil and Criminal Courts
You have been asked to produce a new display for the waiting area that explains the function, composition and jurisdiction of the civil and criminal courts. Your infographic/poster must be visually attractive and easy for clients to follow. It will need to:
show how the different courts are organised.
explain what each court does and the people involved in its administration.
only task 2 needs doing 

Introduction
This week, you will complete a “Ninety-Minute” paper, as this paper should take you only ninety minutes to complete because you are really knowledgeable of this week’s content.
Instructions
Read Chapter 5.
Review the Constitution of the United StatesLinks to an external site.
Read the following articles:
Constitutional Landmark Cases.
The Struggle Over the Constitution in the Workplace.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Free Speech and Expression in the WorkplaceLinks to an external site.
Upon review of the United States Constitution this week, address the following points:
What was the most clear, helpful, meaningful concept or idea that you captured from your detailed review of the United States Constitution? Why?
What concept or idea, after your detailed review of the United States Constitution, is still unclear? Why?
Did you conduct any additional research on the concept or idea that you found unclear this week?
If yes, share your research findings. If not, why not? Edition. ISBN101265599378 | ISBN13: 9781265599379.
BOOK::::: Kubasek, N. K., Browne, M. N., Herron, D. J., Dhooge, L. J., & Barkacs, L. L.
(2023). Dynamic Business Law: The Essentials. 6th Edition. ISBN10:
1265599378 | ISBN13: 9781265599379.