Category: Nursing

For this assessment, you will create a 2–4 page report on an interview you have conducted with a health care professional. You will identify an issue from the interview that could be improved with an interdisciplinary approach, and review best practices and evidence to address the issue.

The next steps in the design of your research plan is to choose an evidence-based change in practice or intervention to address the identified problem which is: The Evidence-based change in practice to address the identified problem of postpartum pain management chosen is the implementation of a multimodal pain management approach. write a research question, write a hypothesis, and choose a theory that can be used to guide your project. In this activity you are asked to discuss the evidence-based change in practice or intervention you plan to use to address the identified problem, write your planned project’s research question, write your planned project’s hypothesis, and discuss and choose a theory that may be used to guide your project.
When choosing the theory that will guide a project remember the tenets of the theory must align with the planned evidence-based change in practice or intervention. The evidence-based change or intervention is used as a solution to address the problem that has been identified. For this activity you will discuss at least two potential theories, the tenets of each theory, the alignment of the theory with the evidence-based change or intervention, and the rationale for choosing the one theory you will use to guide your project plan.
You may choose a nursing, leadership, informatics, or educational theorist, remember chose the theory whose tenets align best with the project’s planned evidence-based change in practice or intervention.

Introduction:
In this task, you will identify a healthcare problem, develop an evidence-based practice (EBP) question, and review selected research-based and non-research-based evidence to find answers to that question.
Note that while you will be analyzing only one research-based and one non-research-based article in this task, an actual evidence-based practice change would require the support of many high-quality research studies.
Helpful Links:
Appendix B: Question Development Tool
https://eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/ebookviewer/ebook?sid=c362e7d2-aa6c-4c2b-90fd-16ac931cd1ae%40redis&ppid=pp_267&vid=0&format=EB
Appendix E: Research Evidence Appraisal Tool
https://eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/ebookviewer/ebook?sid=89595023-a2e9-4fa3-87a8-b4cb334c3bc2%40redis&ppid=pp_281&vid=0&format=EB
Appendix F: Non-Research Evidence Appraisal Tool
https://eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/ebookviewer/ebook?sid=3230c1d3-73de-4108-b34f-249809dbf198%40redis&ppid=pp_291&vid=0&format=EB
Requirements:
B: Discuss the impact of a clinical practice problem on the patient or patients and the organization it affects. B1: Identify each of the following PICO components of the clinical practice problem.
* P: patient, population, or problem
* I: intervention
* C: comparison
* O: outcome
B2: Develop an evidence based practice (EBP) question based on the clinical problem discussed in part B and the PICO components identified in part B1.
C: Select a research-based article that answers your EBP question from part B2 to conduct an evidence appraisal. (the article you select should not be more than five years old.)
C1: Discuss the background or introduction (i.e., purpose) of the research base article.
C2: Describe the research methodology used in the research-based article.
C3: Identify the level of evidence for the research based article using the John Hopkins Nursing Evidence Based Practice model.
C4: Summarize how the researcher analyzed the data in the research based article.
C5: Summarize the ethical considerations of the research based article. If none are present, explain why.
C6: Identify the quality rating of the research based article according to the JHNEBP model.
C7: Analyze the results or conclusions of the research based article.
C7a: Explain how the article helps answer your EBP question.
D: select a non-research based article from a peer reviewed journal that helps to answer your EBP question from part B2 to conduct an evidence appraisal.
D1: Discuss the background or introduction (i.e., the purpose) of the non-research based article.
D2: Describe the type of evidence (e.g., case study, quality improvement project, clinical practice guideline) used in the non-research based article.
D3: Identify the level of evidence in the non-research based article using the JHNEBP model.
D4: Identify the quality rating of the non-research based article according to the JHNEBP model.
D5: Discuss how the authors recommendations in the non-research based article help answer your EBP question.
E: Recommend a practice change that addresses your EBP question using both the research-based and non-research-based articles you selected from part C and part D.
E1: Explain how you would involve three key stakeholders in supporting the practice change recommendation.
E2: Discuss one specific barrier you may encounter when implementing the practice change recommendation.
E3: Identify one strategy that could be used to overcome the barrier discussed in E2.
E4: Identify one outcome (the O component in PICO) from your EBP question that can be used to measure the recommended practice change. F: Acknowledge sources, using in-text citations and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized.
G: Demonstrate professional communication in the content and presentation of your submission.
Rubric:
B: Clinical Practice Problem
The submission includes a discussion of the clinical practice problem that logically addresses its impact on the patient or patients and the organization it affects.
B1: PICO Components
The submission includes each of the given PICO components of the clinical practice problem. Each of the given components is accurate and complete.
B2: Evidence-Based Question
Submission includes an evidence based practice (EBP) question that appropriately addresses the clinical practice problem and includes all the PICO components.
C: Selection of a Research-Based Article The selected article is researched based and answers the EBP question from part B2.
C1: Background or Introduction of the Research-Based Article The submission accurately discusses the background or introduction of the research-based article.
C2: Research Methodology in the Research-Based Article
The submission includes a description that accurately describes the research methodology used in the research-based article.
C3: Level of Evidence in the Research-Based Article
The submission accurately identifies the level of evidence for the research-based article that is based on the JHNEBP (John Hopkins Nursing Evidence Based Practice) model.
C4: Analysis of the Data
The submission includes a summary that accurately describes how the researcher analyzed the data in the article.
C5: Ethical Considerations of the Research-Based Article The submission includes a summary that logically describes the ethical considerations of the research-based article. Or, if no ethical considerations are present, the submission includes a logical explanation of why none are present.
C6: Quality Rating of the Research-Based Article The submission accurately identifies a quality rating of the research-based article according to the JHNEBP model.
C7: Results or Conclusions of the Research-Based Article The submission includes an analysis that logically evaluates the results or conclusions of the research-based Article C7a: How the Article Answers the EBP Question
The submission appropriately explains how the article helps answer the EBP question.
D: Selection of a Non-Research-Based Article The selected article is a non-research-based article and answers the EBP question from part B2.
D1: Background or Introduction of the Non-Research-Based Article The submission accurately discusses the background or introduction of the non-research-based article.
D2: Type of Evidence in the Non-Research-Based Article
The submission accurately describes the type of evidence used in the non-research-based article.
D3: Level of Evidence in the Non-Research-Based Article
The submission accurately identifies the level of evidence for the non-research-based article according to the JHNEBP model.
D4: Quality Rating of the Non-Research-Based Article
The submission accurately identifies the equality rating for the non-research based article according to the JHNEBP model.
D5: Author’s Recommendations in the Non-Research-Based Article The submission includes a discussion that logically explains the author’s recommendations help answer the EBP question.
E: Recommended Practice Change
The submission includes a practice change recommendation that appropriately addresses the EBP question and accurately uses both the research based and non-research based articles to show how the change should be made.
E1: Involvement of Key Stakeholders
The submission includes an explanation of how 3 key stakeholders would appropriately support the practice change recommendation.
E2: Barrier of Implementing the Practice Change
The submission includes a discussion of 1 specific barrier that might feasibly be encountered during implementation, and the barrier discussed is appropriate for the practice change recommendation.
E3: Strategy for Overcoming the Barrier
The submission identifies one strategy that could logically be used to overcome the barrier discussed in part E2.
E4: Outcome to Measure the Recommended Practice Change
The submission identifies 1 outcome from the EBP question that appropriately measures the recommended practice change.
F: Sources
The submission includes in-text citations for sources that are properly quoted, paraphrased, or summarized in a reference list that accurately identifies the author date, title, and source location as available.
G: Professional Communication
Content reflects attention to detail, is organized, and focuses on the main ideas as prescribed in the task or chosen by the candidate. Terminology is pertinent, is used correctly, and effectively convey the intended meaning. Mechanics, usage, and grammar, promote accurate interpretation and understanding.

Submit AACN Essentials Summary Paper: READ CAREFULLY
Write an APA 7th ed. Paper that discusses EVERY AACN BSN Essential and describe in great detail how you met each essential with specific examples.
**For EVERY A ACN BSN Nursing Essential you MUST complete the following:
Paragraph #1: Provides a summary explanation of the essential. Be sure to reference at least one scholarly source such as the AACN essentials pdf.
Paragraph #2: Provides specific examples demonstrating how you met the AACN BSN
Essential during your nursing program by providing specific examples from clinical rotations, theory courses, skills labs, etc.
→ Note: The AACN BSN Essentials pdf and a Word doc sample paper template are provided
BELOW this announcement. Please be sure to cite within the paper in APA 7th ed.Write a paper in APA Style that discusses each of the AACN Essentials and describe how you met each essential. Incorporate evidence from your previous Nursing Evolution assignments, as well as detailed examples from your didactic, skills lab, and clinical rotations.
For each essential include the following:
A brief summary explanation of the essential that is cited with at least one scholarly source
At least one example of how you met the essential during your nursing program
Review the rubric for more information on how your assignment will be graded.
Rubric
Nursing Essentials Rubric
Nursing Essentials Rubric
CriteriaRatingsPts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeContent
40 to >35.6 ptsThe student provides an accurate and concise summary paragraph for each Essential. All summary descriptions expertly identify key aspects of each essential. Every essential is supported with at least one scholarly source.
35.6 to >30.0 ptsA summary paragraph is provided for each Essential. The summary descriptions satisfactorily identify key aspects of each essential, however 1 or 2 descriptions may be vague. One or two essentials may not be supported with at least one scholarly source.
30 to >23.6 ptsA summary paragraph is not provided for each Essential. Several summary descriptions vaguely identify or inaccurately identify key aspects of each essential. Most essentials are not supported with at least one scholarly source.
23.6 to >0 ptsMost or all summary descriptions are not provided. Scholarly sources are not used.
40 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeExamples & Reflection
40 to >35.6 ptsAt least one detailed and explicit example of how the student met each essential during the nursing program is provided for all nine Essentials. The student expertly synthesizes and incorporates significant feedback, concepts, and ideas from the week’s discussion into the assignment. It is evident that the student has thoroughly reflected upon and met the nine essentials.
35.6 to >30.0 ptsAt least one example of how the student met each essential during the nursing program is provided for all nine Essentials, but some examples may be vague. The student satisfactorily incorporates some feedback, concepts, and ideas from the week’s discussion into the assignment. It is evident that the student has satisfactorily reflected upon and met the nine essentials.
30 to >23.6 ptsThe student does not provide an example of how they met each of the nine essentials during the nursing program. The student incorporates little feedback, concepts, and ideas from the week’s discussion into the assignment. It is evident that the student did not fully reflect upon or provide evidence of meeting each essential.
23.6 to >0 ptsThe student provides two or fewer examples of how they met essentials during the nursing program. No reflection is provided.
40 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeOrganization
10 to >8.9 ptsThe assignment is organized in a clear, concise, and well-organized manner.
8.9 to >7.5 ptsMost of the writing is concise and organized, but there may be one or two minor instances where it is not.
7.5 to >5.9 ptsThe writing lacks clarity, conciseness, and organization in many places.
5.9 to >0 ptsThe writing is unfocused and contains serious errors with organization.
10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeMechanics and APA Format
10 to >8.9 ptsThe student uses APA Style accurately and consistently. The assignment meets all formatting requirements (length and style). Punctuation, spelling, and capitalization are all correct. There are minimal to no errors.
8.9 to >7.5 ptsThe student uses APA Style, but there are 1–2 errors. The assignment meets most formatting requirements (length and style). Punctuation, spelling, and capitalization are generally correct with a few minor errors.
7.5 to >5.9 ptsThe student does not use APA Style consistently and there are 3-4 errors. The assignment meets half of the formatting requirements (length and style). Errors in punctuation, spelling, and capitalization detract from the readability of the assignment.
5.9 to >0 ptsMechanical errors significantly interfere with the readability of the paper. No attempt to follow the required format is indicated. There are many distracting errors in punctuation, spelling, and capitalization.
10 pts
Total Points: 100
PreviousNext

Reply to two of your classmates. In each of your replies, include new information related to your peer’s initial post or to the topic. Each reply should be 200 to 400 words. You should cite one to two sources in your reply posts that add new information in response to your classmate’s post, with at least one of those sources from the Week 2 Learning Materials.
Week 2 Learning Materials: (Can be found on google)
Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2022). Delivering health care in America: A systems approach (8th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 4: Health Services Professionals
Chapter 7: Outpatient and Primary Care Services
Chapter 8: Inpatient Facilities and Services
Chapter 10: Long-Term Care
Initial Post Assignment (For context): Select one of the following topics to write about in your initial post. Please make it clear which topic you chose to write about in your initial post. Write 500 to 750 words related to:
Topic 1: Choose one sector of health care delivery and financing that interests you (outpatient and primary care services; inpatient facilities and services; or long-term care). What are two challenges facing the sector you have chosen? What are two policies that address those challenges? What are the politics of those policy recommendations, if any? Make clear in your entry whether the policies you cite are policies already adopted, proposed or under consideration, and/or ones that you would recommend.
Topic 2: Discuss two challenges facing the health professions. What are two policies that would address those challenges? What are the politics of those policy recommendations, if any? You can write about the health professions in general or choose a specific health profession to write about. Make clear in your entry whether the policies you cite are policies already adopted, proposed or under consideration, and/or ones that you would recommend.
Classmate 1:The purpose of this discussion post is to examine the outpatient and primary care services sector within the U.S. health care system by addressing the following questions: What are two challenges facing the sector? What are two policies that address those challenges? What are the politics of those policy recommendations? By identifying current challenges and proposing potential solutions, this discussion aims to enhance the understanding of primary care delivery to meet the needs of a diverse and growing patient population.
Outpatient care involves medical services provided without requiring an overnight stay in a hospital or other healthcare facility. Primary care serves as the first point of contact for patients, offering preventive care, diagnosis, and treatment of acute and chronic illnesses. Primary care providers (PCPs) play a crucial role in managing overall patient health and coordinating care with specialists and other healthcare services (Shi & Singh, 2022). One of the significant challenges in outpatient and primary care is the shortage of primary care providers, which impacts access to care, particularly in rural and underserved areas. The uneven distribution of healthcare professionals leads to longer wait times and can compromise the quality of care. Additionally, the increasing complexity of managing multiple chronic conditions requires effective care coordination, which can be challenging in divided healthcare systems. To address these challenges, several innovative models have been introduced, such as the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) and accountable care organizations (ACOs). These models emphasize coordinated, comprehensive care, and involve a team-based approach where primary care acts as the hub for managing patient health across various settings. Furthermore, the integration of electronic health records (EHRs) and telehealth services can enhance communication and continuity of care, making healthcare delivery more efficient and patient-centered. Telehealth can increase convenience and decrease overall cost of care, helping avoid or decrease costly emergency room visits. About 40% of ER visits are classified as low-acuity non-emergent care, which could be handled using telehealth (Manocchia, 2020).
Addressing Supply and Demand in healthcare workforce that includes a diverse range of professionals such as physicians, nurse practitioners (NPs), physician assistants (PAs), and allied health professionals. Training pathways for these roles vary, with physicians undergoing extensive education and residency training, while NPs and PAs follow shorter, more flexible training programs. There is a significant shortfall in the number of primary care physicians being trained to meet this demand. To bridge this gap, there has been a push to expand the roles of NPs and PAs. In addition, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) aims to increase access to health care which will raise the demand for primary care services. Studies have shown that the quality of care delivered by NPs and PAs is comparable to that provided by physicians, especially in managing chronic conditions and preventive care. Expanding the scope of practice for these professionals, especially in states with restrictive regulations, could significantly improve access to primary care (Donelan, 2024).
In addition to expanding the scope of practice for NPs and Pa’s, effective care coordination is also essential in managing patient health and ensuring continuity of care. Models like PCMH and ACOs facilitate collaboration and involve a range of healthcare providers working together to meet patient needs. Care coordinators also enhance continuity of care, helping patients navigate the healthcare system and ensuring that critical health information is communicated across different care settings. It is vital to address these challenges of provider shortages, enhancing care coordination, and expanding the roles of non-physician providers because outpatient and primary care services play a crucial role in managing patient health and preventing disease. By fostering interprofessional collaboration and leveraging technology, we can build a more resilient and responsive primary care system.
References:
Donelan, K. (2024). Supply and demand. In United States health policy [Video]. Retrieved from Topic 3: Supply and Demand | Session 8.1: Health Care Workforce | United States Health Policy | edX
Manocchia A. (2020). Telehealth: Enhancing Care through Technology. Rhode Island medical journal (2013), 103(1), 18–20.
Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2022). Delivering Health Care in America: A Systems Approach (Eighth). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Classmate 2: I decided to write about outpatient and primary care services and financing. The outpatient and primary healthcare sector have come a long way and has evolved in financing strategies. Outpatient healthcare constitutes all services not provided as an inpatient at a hospital. In the mid-1980s, a prospective payment system was instituted in inpatients, encouraging outpatient services, and due to technological advancements in the medical field, many procedures that initially would have been performed as an inpatient are now safely being performed as an outpatient, driving the growth in outpatient services (Shi & Singh, 2022). Examples of outpatient services include emergency department services, rehabilitation, and specialized clinics (Shi & Singh, 2022). Primary care services are essential to healthcare since they serve as gatekeeping and care coordination (Shi & Singh, 2022). These services are reimbursed through Medicare and Medicaid and private pay. However, certain free health services are provided at Free clinics that government agencies do not run, and trained volunteers provide health services; these facilities serve the poor and homeless populations (Shi & Singh, 2022).
Independent practices in primary care have appealed to many healthcare providers due to their increased independence in practice. However, they have to overcome many challenges. One challenge is the low reimbursement from Medicaid, which has been below the Medicare and private insurance reimbursement rates, affecting the number of Medicaid patients a physician might want to care for, if at all. A policy that addressed this issue was the 2013-2014 Medicaid free bump and the 2015 primary care incentive program provided under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) (Hsiang et al., 2020). These were two free increases for primary care physicians that were notably effective in increasing reimbursement, but they were short-lived since they were temporary and no longer active. The low reimbursement through Medicaid has left many physicians with no choice but to reject Medicaid patients, leaving many to struggle to access healthcare services. Therefore, an increase in reimbursement could help Medicaid patients access medical services.
A second challenge for primary care physicians is the surge in patient numbers since the implementation of the ACA. While many patients are now insured, there is a significant shortage of primary care physicians to cater to this increased demand. In 2022, President Biden passed The American Rescue Plan, a comprehensive healthcare initiative aimed at improving the healthcare workforce. This bill allocated 330 million to train primary care physicians and dentists in rural and underserved communities (USG, 2022). In addition to the investment in primary health education, this bill also addresses the disparities in access to healthcare in rural and underserved communities, a crucial step towards improving healthcare equity.
The evolution of outpatient and primary care services, alongside their financing strategies, emphasizes their critical role in modern healthcare systems. From the inception of prospective payment systems to the current challenges of reimbursement rates, the landscape has continuously shifted. While initiatives like the Medicaid fee bump and the ACA’s primary care incentive program have provided temporary relief, persistent challenges, such as low Medicaid reimbursement and physician shortages, persist. The recent investment in healthcare workforce training through initiatives like The American Rescue Plan shows promise in addressing these issues, highlighting the ongoing commitment to improving access and quality of care, particularly in underserved communities.
References
Hsiang, W. R., Gross, C. P., Maroongroge, S., & Forman, H. P. (2020). Trends in compensation for primary care and specialist physicians after implementation of the affordable care act. JAMA Network Open, 3(7). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11981
Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2022). Delivering Health Care in America: A Systems Approach (Eighth). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
The United States Government. (2022, September 30). Fact sheet: Biden-Harris Administration announces American Rescue Plan’s historic investments in Community Health Workforce. The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/09/30/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-announces-american-rescue-plans-historic-investments-in-community-health-workforce/

The paper is going to be examining a safety quality issue in a health care setting. I need to analyze the issue I selected and examine potential evidence-based and best-pratice solutions from the literature as well as the role of nurses and other stakeholders in addressing the issue. 
The issue I selected is delayed response to deteriorating patient condition in healthcare. A patient’s condition can change rapidly, and timely interventions are often crucial to
prevent further deterioration or even save a life. For nursing students, understanding the
implications of delayed responses to such changes is vital. Here’s why:
o Patient Safety and Outcomes: The most immediate concern with delayed
responses is the potential harm to the patient. Rapid interventions can prevent
complications, reduce the severity of outcomes, and in some cases, be the
difference between life and death.
o Window of Intervention: Many medical conditions have a critical window during
which interventions are most effective. Delays in recognizing and responding
can
narrow or close this window, limiting treatment options and reducing the
likelihood of positive outcomes.
o Increased Complexity of Care: A patient who has deteriorated further due to a
delayed response often requires more complex and aggressive treatments than if
the issue had been addressed promptly. This can involve higher-risk procedures,
more medications, and longer recovery times.
o Emotional and Psychological Impact on Patients and Families: Witnessing a
loved one deteriorate without prompt intervention can be traumatic for
families. It
can lead to feelings of helplessness, frustration, and mistrust towards the
healthcare system.
o Professional Implications: Delays in responding to deteriorating patients can
have significant repercussions for healthcare professionals. These might
include
disciplinary actions, loss of licensure, legal consequences, and damage to
one’s
professional reputation.
o Economic Costs: Delays can lead to extended hospital stays, additional
treatments, and potential lawsuits, all of which result in increased costs for
healthcare systems and patients.
o Team Dynamics and Morale: Repeated incidents of delayed responses can
strain team dynamics. It can lead to blame, guilt, and tensions among team
members, impacting the overall functioning and morale of the unit.
o Quality Metrics and Accreditation: Healthcare facilities often have quality
metrics that track response times to various clinical scenarios. Poor
performance
in these metrics can lead to penalties, increased scrutiny, and challenges in
maintaining accreditation.
Resources in the link can be used to complete the assessment. (Assessment 1)
https://capella.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/leganto/public/01CAPELLA_INST/lists/2722518340006731?auth=SAML§ion=2722521240006731

Essay- In one-to-two pages, tell the story of a clinical situation that was especially meaningful to you
this should be a very detailed essay from a students clinical POV
ideally L&D, ICU experience. 
this is very competitive program. 
l

Literature Review Paper
Literature review paper 
One of the main learning exercises in the course is a Literature review paper. The literature review paper’s purpose is to answer a significant clinical question. Most of your discussions and activities in this course are created to build the skills need it to write this paper. To do this paper you need to work each week on assignments, that will help you build your skills for the successful completion of this assignment.
Your paper should be 5-6 pages long (double-spaced, 12 font) not including the references and title page). You should have a reference page of at least eight (8) academic sources, including at least five (5) primary research sources that specifically answer the review question. Use APA format for references and citations. All papers must be submitted to be reviewed for similarity, any paper with a score of 20% or higher in the similarity index, will receive an automatic “0”, and will not be reviewed until the similarity score is below 20%.   
Step by step directions and a rubric is posted below. After your paper has been corrected and graded, you have the option to revise your literature review paper in order to improve your writing and correct your mistakes. If there is a significant improvement, the grade will be increased. Revisions are due a week after receiving feedback.  
Instructions:
Your paper needs to follow the following criteria:
Choose a problem faced by clients in your practice area that you think is important and would like to learn more about (Use Activity 1 to identify the problem).
Use your knowledge of PICO to develop a well-built narrow clinical question. For example: In adult patients with total hip replacements (P), how effective is pain medication (I) compared to aerobic stretching (C) in controlling post-operative pain (O)? (the development of the PICO question should not be included in the paper) (Use discussion 2 & 3).
Write a five (5) to six (6) page literature review paper on the standing knowledge of the chosen question.
Include a minimum of five (5) journal articles, at least three (3) from nursing journals. However, make sure that the (5) journals are the ones analyzed and synthesized in the results and discussion sections.
The body of the paper should be made of the following titled sections: Title (introduction), Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion.
Provide a specific and concise tentative title for your literature review paper (You may use the results or at least the variables in the title).
The abstract is not required
Include a 1-page introduction of your topic (background information), the focus/aim of your review. The introduction should include a statement of the problem, briefly explain the significance of your topic study, and act to introduce the reader to your definitions and background. Must include your main statement (i.e. the purpose of this review is…{PICO Question}).
The method section should include sources, databases, keywords, inclusion/exclusion criteria, levels of evidence, and other information that establishes credibility to your paper (Use discussion 4 & 5).
The results should summarize the findings of studies that have been conducted on your topic. For each study, you should briefly explain its purpose, procedure for data collection, and major findings. This is the section where you will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of studies (Use discussion 6 and activity 2).
Submit a table of the studies as per the matrix development (see discussion 7).
The discussion should be like a conclusion portion of an essay paper. It serves as a summary of the body of your literature review and should highlight the most important findings. Your analysis should help you to draw conclusions. In this section, you would discuss any consensus or disagreement on the topic. It can also include any strengths and weaknesses in general of the research area. If you believe there is more to research, you may include that here.
Finally, you will need to conclude your paper. At this point, you have put substantial effort into your paper. Close this chapter with a summary of the paper, major findings, and any major recommendations for the profession.
In general, your paper should show a sense of direction and contain a definite central idea supported with evidence. The writing should be logical, and the ideas should be linked together in a logical sequence. The ideas need to be put together clearly for the writer and for the reader.
Papers will be graded by rubric.  When preparing to work on an assignment it is a good idea to review the rubric for the assignment.  The rubric identifies the important points that will be graded as well as the description of the information that should be provided to receive all of the points in each section of the assignment.  Reviewing the rubric before you begin a paper and then once again as you complete the paper will give you confidence that you included the required information and will receive maximum points for each section. See the grading rubric for this assignment.
Format references and citations using APA guidelines.
*I work as a transplant nurse, please tailor the paper to my area of practice. Thank you!

The purpose of this discussion is to teach students to use electronic databases and methodological filters to select the most relevant evidence to answer the clinical questions. A secondary purpose of this assignment is to teach students to format citations according to the American Psychological Association Style Handbook (7th Edition).
Instructions:
For this discussion, you will use the PICO question you generated for the previous discussion (Use the PICO worksheet attached to this discussion).
Select the most appropriate databases using information from the MDC Library databases.  Explain in a short paragraph why you selected each one. 
https://www.mdc.edu/learning-resources/
Find synonyms for Population, Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome. Fill out the list with synonyms. 
Using the advanced search feature, conduct separate searches for each of the above PICO, using “OR” with synonyms. Check for the number of hits for each search and revise as necessary.
Using the search history feature, combine PICO searches, using “And.”
Make note of the number of hits. 
Revise the searches combined, if necessary.
Use methodological filter terms, first for systematic reviews, randomized control trials, cohort studies, etc. Note the number of studies found after applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria).
Limit your searches to five (5) years.
Write a paragraph describing the process ( this is the method section of the literature review). 
Title the discussion with the PICOT question.
Initial post: Your post should be within a range of 200-300 words.
Peer response: Identify two (2) students that may share a similar question and make significant comments in their Search methodology (can it be replicated?).
Be active because it may help you form a group for the EBP paper.
Cite your references APA 7th  ed. (not included in the length of the post). 
To see rubric, click on the 3-dot menu  on the top-right side of screen. 

Review your state (California) nurse practice act by visiting Find Your Nurse Practice Act (link is below) and compare the specific scopes of practice for RNs, licensed practical nurses/licensed vocational nurses (LPNs/LVNs), certified nurse assistants, certified medication aids, and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs).
How does a nurse leader and manager know that staffing levels are adequate?
Compare and contrast various state regulations regarding minimum staffing levels.
Provide at least one example of skills or tasks that are within the scope of practice for each of the following healthcare team members:
RN
LPN/LVN
CNA
CMA
UAP
Consider one of your clinical experiences throughout the nursing program. How well did the unit or clinical setting staff the unit? What was the typical nurse-to-patient ratio? What was the typical staff mix on the unit? Did the unit use LPN/LVN, CNAs/UAPs, or CMAs? If so, what were their responsibilities?
Find Your Nurse Practice Act website https://www.rn.ca.gov/practice/npa.shtml