Category: Nursing

Introduction
Note: Complete the assessments in the order in which they are presented.
Health care systems around the world provide useful models for analysis. Familiarity with different models and approaches to health care enables leaders to identify what works and what does not, as the basis for proposing a change. As we continue to evaluate the complex and fragmented system in the United States, it is important for nurse leaders to become familiar with the programs and systems that provide evidence-based quality care that is affordable and focused on continual improvement.
This assessment provides an opportunity to examine a local or regional health care issue from a global perspective.
Preparation
Your organization, in collaboration with the key stakeholders from the community, is funding an initiative to investigate potential improvements in the local or regional health care system. As a nurse leader attuned to the effects of health care policy and finance on the provision of affordable, high-quality care, you have been asked to join the task force conducting the study.
You know that an examination of other countries’ health care systems can provide a solid, evidence-based foundation for evaluating outcomes and identifying benchmarks. Consequently, you have decided to undertake an analysis of selected, non-U.S. health care systems and compare them to each other and to the existing local or regional U.S. system to help inform decision making as the task force considers proposed changes.
In this assessment, you will propose a change to one aspect of your local or regional health care system or program. Conduct a comparative analysis of different health care systems and summarize your proposed change and findings from your analysis in a report to executive leaders. To prepare for your assessment, you are encouraged to begin thinking about the non-U.S. health care systems you might like to examine. In addition, you may wish to:
Review the assessment requirements and scoring guide to ensure that you understand the work you will be asked to complete.
Review Guiding Questions: Proposing Evidence-Based Change [DOCX] Download Guiding Questions: Proposing Evidence-Based Change [DOCX], which includes questions to consider and additional guidance on how to successfully complete the assessment.
Note: As you revise your writing, check out the resources listed on the Writing Center’s Writing Support page.
MSN Program Journey
The following is a useful map that will guide you as you continue your MSN program. This map gives you an overview of all the steps required to prepare for your practicum and to complete your degree. It also outlines the support that will be available to you along the way.
MSN Program Journey.
Templates
Use this template for your summary report.
Summary Report Template [DOCX] Download Summary Report Template [DOCX].
Requirements
Complete this assessment in three steps:
Propose a change to one aspect of your local or regional health care system or program that would improve outcomes.
Conduct a comparative analysis of different health care systems, focusing on one aspect of the system you are proposing to change.
Summarize your proposed change and the results of your comparative analysis in a report to executive leaders.
The summary report requirements outlined below, correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide for Proposing Evidence-Based Change, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. The Guiding Questions: Proposing Evidence-Based Change document provides additional considerations that may be helpful in completing your assessment. In addition, be sure to note the requirements below for document format and length and for citing supporting evidence.
Identify an aspect of a local or regional health care system or program that should be a focus for change.
Define desirable outcomes, including who will pay for care and factors limiting achievement of those outcomes.
Analyze two non-U.S. health care systems or programs that offer insight into a proposed change for a health care system or program in the United States.
Choose one of the following options for selecting the two systems or programs:
Option 1: Select two systems at opposite ends of the scale in terms of desirable outcomes for the issue reflected in your proposed change.
Option 2: Select two systems that both produce positive outcomes but take unique or innovative approaches to the problem.
Compare the outcomes in each non-U.S. system with each other and with present outcomes in your local or regional health care system.
Explain why specific changes will lead to improved outcomes.
Determine the financial and health implications associated with the proposed changes.
Address the implications of making the changes.
Address the implications of not making the changes.
Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
Support assertions, arguments, propositions, and conclusions with relevant and credible evidence.
Document Format and Length
Use the Summary Report Template. This APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] can help you in writing and formatting your assessment. If you would like to use a different worksheet for your community health assessment, obtain prior approval from faculty.
Your summary report should be 4–5 pages in length, not including the title page and references page.
Be sure to apply correct APA formatting to all source citations and references.
Supporting Evidence
Cite 3–5 credible sources from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications to support your comparative analysis.
Additional Requirements
Be sure to delete all directions from the template before submitting your summary report. In addition, proofread your report to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it difficult for them to focus on the substance of your analysis.
Portfolio Prompt: You may choose to save your summary report to your ePortfolio.
Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:
Competency 1: Identify the challenges and opportunities facing health care.
Identify an aspect of a local or regional health care system or program that should be a focus for change.
Competency 2: Compare the effects of different health care finance models and policy frameworks on resources and patient outcomes.
Define desirable outcomes, including who will pay for care and factors limiting achievement of those outcomes.
Analyze two non-U.S. health care systems or programs that offer insight into a proposed change for a health care system or program in the United States.
Competency 3: Evaluate the positive and negative influences of leaders on health care processes and outcomes.
Determine the financial and health implications of making—and not making—proposed changes to a health care system or program.
Competency 4: Develop proactive strategies to change the culture of the organization by incorporating evidence-based practices.
Explain why specific changes will lead to improved outcomes.
Competency 5: Communicate effectively with diverse audiences, in an appropriate form and style consistent with applicable organizational, professional, and scholarly standards.
Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
Support assertions, arguments, propositions, and conclusions with relevant and credible evidence.

Within the Discussion Board area, write 250 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for future discussions by your classmates. You are required to use 1 scholarly resource in addition to your textbook. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas.
The nursing process is commonly used to manage change or to problem solve. Using the nursing process, apply the steps of the nursing process (assessment, analysis and diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation) to describe your change topic to your peers. You are required to use 1 scholarly resource in addition to your textbook.
The steps of the nursing process are helpful in all aspects of the nursing profession. In the beginning, we learn the nursing process which includes assessment, analysis and diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation in relation to a patient and the development of care plans (Jarvis, 2020). However, the nursing process can actually be used to implement a change in a healthcare facility. We can access the facility and gather information about what is going on that may require a change. We then analyze all of this information we have gathered in the assessment phase and come up with a hypothesis or a diagnosis. Once we have arrived at this diagnosis or what we think the problem is from gathering the information in the assessment phase, then we are going to start planning. The planning phase is going to be our desired outcomes, what do we hope to achieve, what are our goals? Then we are going to implement interventions in hopes that we achieve our goals and resolve the problem that we have a identified. The very last step would be to evaluate our process and determine if we did in fact resolve or improve the problem or was our change successful. As a reminder, we could have a great plan in place however we did not meet our objectives or outcomes. This does not mean it was a complete failure, we just need to re-evaluate our process and see what we need to change to make our process successful. We can learn lessons from failed attempts as well. I look forward to your discussion!

Please respond with one reference for each post thanks 
POST1  Kelli
As a registered nurse I would need to recognize and respect their parental decision making regardless of my own beliefs. This is known as parental autonomy. As a nurse this is important to validate the parents feelings and beliefs so they can continue to trust and respect myself as well as other health care staff. I could be respectful and state “Provided is some information from th CDC on the hepatitis B vaccination.” This would still give them a chance to ask any questions they may still have while also not trying to push any type of conversation with them. (Kushner et al., 2021)
For the Hepatitis B vaccine, I could provide different types of educational materials. They could include the overview of the vaccine and what it prevents. I could also discuss the timing schedule of the hepatitis B vaccine. This vaccine is given soon after birth, then again at 1-2 months of age, and a third dose given between 6-18 months of age. (CDC, 2019) Then I could also discuss the safety of the vaccine. From the CDC it describes the success of the vaccine for preventing hepatitis B as well as the pros and cons of the vaccine for children. It would also be important to educate the parents on the disease hepatitis B as well. Hepatitis B is a dangerous virus that affects the liver and can cause cancer and liver damage. Infants who are born to a mother who has hepatitis B may also have the virus but not show any signs until later in life. (Kushner et al., 2021)
POST 2 HOlly 
The vaccines undergo substantial amounting of testing before licensed, once in use there is close monitoring for safety and efficiency (CDC.gov, 2019). Vaccines must be stored and administered properly, on a strict schedule to avoid rare side effects (CDC, 2019). Vaccines should not be administered when a contraindication occurs such as illness, sickness, preterm child (CDC, 2019), to prevent adverse reactions. Adverse reactions are reported and closely monitored (CDC, 2019). I would refer Clarice’s mother to the CDC website. I would also include that many diseases or viruses have been eradicated due to vaccines such as polio, smallpox, chickenpox, rubella, measles. These have crippled several and killed many over the years, now they’re unheard of, very rare to have in the US.  I would educate her with these facts and let her make her own decision after hearing all of the facts and discussing the previous diseases or viruses that have eradicated since immunizations have been created.

Rubric and Instructions are attached. I included pdf of 5 sources also. You are free to use some of your own, but must be peer reviewed and written less than 5 years ago. Please follow instructions entirely. I also included my discussion post and her feedback. One of the solutions must be from my preceptor. I will text her today and let you know her solution once I’ve received an answer. I will also give you her information so you can quote in the paper. If you have any questions, please text me.

Note: Each assessment in this course builds on the work you completed in the previous assessment. Therefore, you must complete the assessments in this course in the order in which they are presented.
As a nurse leader, you must be able to assess your organization’s ability to deliver safe, high-quality patient care. In so doing, you may be required to perform a gap analysis of a quality or safety issue as the first step in improving outcomes. Failure to meet benchmarks for safe and effective patient care can have reimbursement, regulatory, and legal consequences.
This assessment provides an opportunity to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to successfully implement changes that improve patient outcomes by:
Evaluating the current culture of an organization.
Performing an outcomes gap analysis.
Determining what changes are needed to bridge the gap.
Examining current thinking on this topic contained in the literature.
Quality and safety are everyone’s responsibility as a team of interprofessional care delivery partners. Together we develop policies that support quality and safe care delivery. As part of the interprofessional team, nurses are leaders in care and thus are responsible and accountable for leading and providing safe quality care.
Health care delivery is structured around evidenced-based information. Quality is defined by exploring proven, evidenced-based information. After reviewing and defining evidenced-based information, the interprofessional team applies this knowledge to assess the organization’s or the practice setting’s ability to provide evidenced-based care delivery. When a gap in care is identified, it is important to propose an evidenced-based change and to execute a plan for improved care.
Your quality and safety gap analysis will provide the basis for the remaining assessments in this course.
As a nurse leader, you are fully aware of the hazardous nature of health care and that organizations must continually seek to improve the quality and safety of the care they provide to patients. For this assessment, you will identify a systemic problem in your organization, practice setting, or area of interest associated with adverse quality and safety outcomes (for example, an increase in the incidence of falls or medical errors) and analyze the gap between current and desired performance.
Note: As you revise your writing, check out the resources listed on the Writing Center’s Writing Support page.
As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.
Culture and process contribute to our ability to develop and sustain quality and safety in a health care organization. By exploring these topics, you can analyze where you may have gaps in practice that affect outcomes. In addition, organizations must create benchmarks for outcomes to determine whether they are meeting quality and safety goals.
What does your organization measure, related to quality and safety, and why?
Are there certain aspects of your organization’s culture and processes that support or hinder quality and safety?
Is the organization meeting outcome measurement benchmarks?
If not, how might you address those gaps in performance? What system could be developed to support a change to close a particular gap?
The following resources are required to complete the assessment. 
APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX]. Use this for your gap analysis
Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the Quality and Safety Gap Analysis Scoring Guide. Be sure that your written analysis addresses each point, at a minimum. You may also want to read the Quality and Safety Gap Analysis Scoring Guide and Guiding Questions: Quality and Safety Gap Analysis [DOCX] Download Guiding Questions: Quality and Safety Gap Analysis [DOCX]to better understand how each criterion will be assessed.
Conducting the Analysis
Identify a systemic problem in your organization, practice setting, or area of interest that contributes to adverse quality and safety outcomes.
Propose specific practice changes that will improve quality and safety outcomes and bridge the gap between current and desired performance.
Prioritize proposed practice changes.
Determine how proposed practice changes will foster a culture of quality and safety.
Determine how a particular organizational culture or hierarchy might affect quality and safety outcomes.
Justify necessary changes with respect to functions, processes, or behaviors, specific to your organization.
Writing and Supporting Evidence
Communicate analysis data and information clearly and accurately, using correct grammar and mechanics.
Integrate relevant and credible sources of evidence to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style.
Additional Requirements
Format your document using APA style.
Use the APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX]. Be sure to include:
A title page and reference page. An abstract is not required.
A running head on all pages.
Appropriate section headings.
Properly-formatted citations and references.
Your analysis should be 4–5 pages in length, not including the title page and reference page.
Portfolio Prompt: You may choose to save your gap analysis to your ePortfolio.
Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:
Competency 1: Analyze quality and safety outcomes from an administrative and systems perspective.
Identify a systemic problem in an organization related to adverse quality and safety outcomes.
Propose specific practice changes within an organization that will improve quality and safety outcomes and bridge the gap between current and desired performance.
Prioritize proposed practice changes.
Competency 2: Determine how outcome measures promote quality and safety processes within an organization.
Determine how proposed practice changes will foster a culture of quality and safety.
Competency 3: Determine how specific organizational functions, policies, processes, procedures, norms, and behaviors can be used to build reliable and high-performing organizations.
Determine how a particular organizational culture or hierarchy might affect or contribute to adverse quality and safety outcomes.
Justify necessary changes to particular organizational functions, processes, and behaviors that correct or mitigate adverse quality and safety outcomes.
Competency 5: Communicate effectively with diverse audiences, in an appropriate form and style, consistent with applicable organizational, professional, and scholarly standards.
Communicate analysis data and information clearly and accurately, using correct grammar and mechanics.
Integrate relevant and credible sources of evidence to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style.
Scoring Guide
Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.
View Scoring Guide

This assignment will give you the opportunity to carefully explore two different resource types to further your understanding of selecting the appropriate resource type for your information needs. There are three parts of this assignment. For Part 1, you’ll be reading an article posted on the web and answering questions about the article. For Part 2, you’ll be reading a scholarly article and answering questions about it. In the final part, Part 3, you are asked to sum up your experience and compare/contrast the two information sources.
Part 1
Take a look at the article 9 Lessons I’ve Learned About Feeding Kids
Please respond to the following prompts:
Who do you believe is the intended audience for this article? (Tip: Refer to the section of the unit 3 learning map titled “Identifying the Right Resource for the Task” to review a full explanation of information sources and their intended audiences.)
What is the purpose of this article?
Briefly summarize the article by describing the main points used by the author.
Provide an APA reference entry for this information source.
Part 2
Next, review the following scholarly journal article, Challenges and Facilitators to Promoting a Healthy Food Environment and Communicating Effectively with Parents to Improve Food Behaviors of School Children: Please answer the following questions:
Who do you believe is the intended audience for this article? (Tip: Refer to the section of the unit 3 learning map titled “identifying the Right Resource for the Task” to review a full explanation of information sources and their intended audiences.)
What is the purpose of this article?
Examine the references at the end of the article. Please explain how these references contribute to your understanding of the credibility of the source. Provide an APA reference entry for this information source.
Part 3
Summary question: Compare and contrast the two information sources. How is the information found in the USNews.com article different from the information found in the scholarly journal article? What would you use each type of information for? Finally, describe what you feel is the most important thing you learned from this assignment.
Your assignment submission should be a Word document that fully adheres to the instructions listed above and meets all APA formatting requirements as identified in the APA Format Checklist. Be sure to proofread your assignment.

To Prepare:
Review the agenda priorities of the current/sitting U.S. president and at least one previous presidential administration.
Tip: You can locate presidential agenda information by searching Google for your health topic and the president. For example, mental health Obama presidential agenda.
Select an issue related to healthcare that was addressed by two U.S. presidential administrations (current and previous).
Consider how you would communicate the importance of a healthcare issue to a legislator/policymaker or a member of their staff for inclusion on an agenda.
Use your Week 1 Discussion post to help with this assignment.
The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Comparison Grid, 1-Page Analysis, and 1-page narrative) with a title page. This is an APA paper. Use 2-3 course resources and at least 2 outside resources.
Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid
Use the Agenda Comparison Grid Template found in the Learning Resources and complete the Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid based on the current/sitting U.S. president and the previous president, and their agendas related to the population health concern you selected. Be sure to address the following:
Identify and provide a brief description of the population health concern you selected.
Explain how each of the presidential administrations approached the issue.
Identify the allocation of resources that the presidents dedicated to this issue.
Part 2: Agenda Comparison Grid Analysis
Using the information you recorded in Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid on the template, complete the Part 2: Agenda Comparison Grid Analysis portion of the template, by addressing the following:
Which administrative agency (like HHS, CDC, FDA, OHSA) would most likely be responsible for helping you address the healthcare issue you selected and why is this agency the most helpful for the issue?
How do you think your selected healthcare issue might get on the presidential agenda? How does it stay there?
An entrepreneur/champion/sponsor helps to move the issue forward. Who would you choose to be the entrepreneur/champion/sponsor (this can be a celebrity, a legislator, an agency director, or others) of the healthcare issue you selected and why would this person be a good entrepreneur/ champion/sponsor? An example is Michael J. Fox is champion for Parkinson’s disease.
Part 3: Fact Sheet
Using the information recorded on the template in Parts 1 and 2, develop a 1-page fact sheet that you could use to communicate with a policymaker/legislator or a member of their staff for this healthcare issue. Be sure to address the following:
Summarize why this healthcare issue is important and should be included in the agenda for legislation.
Justify the role of the nurse in agenda setting for healthcare issues.
Assignment document should include:
Title page
Introductory paragraph
Agenda comparison grid and analysis
Fact sheet
Summary/conclusions
References
-Required Readings
Short, N. M. (2022). Milstead’s health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (7th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 1, “Informing Public Policy: An Important Role for Registered Nurses” (pp. 2–23 only)
Chapter 3, “Problem Identification and Agenda Setting: What Rises to a Policymaker’s Attention?” (pp. 57–71)
Chapter 10, “Financing Health Care” (pp. 229–239)
Chapter 12, “An Insider’s Guide to Engaging in Policy Activities” (pp. 293–301)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (n.d.). Diabetes fact sheets Links to an external site.. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/factsheets.html
DeMarco, R., & Tufts, K. A. (2014). The mechanics of writing a policy brief Links to an external site.. Nursing Outlook, 62(3), 219–224.
Kingdon, J.W. (2001). A model of agenda-setting with applications. Law Review M.S.U.-D.C.L Links to an external site.., 2(331)
***resource attached***
Lamb, G., Newhouse, R., Beverly, C., Toney, D. A., Cropley, S., Weaver, C. A., Kurtzman, E., … Peterson, C. (2015). Policy agenda for nurse-led care coordination Links to an external site.. Nursing Outlook, 63(4), 521–530. doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2015.06.003.
***resource attached***
O’Rourke, N. C., Crawford, S. L., Morris, N. S., & Pulcini, J. (2017). Political efficacy and participation of nurse practitioners Links to an external site.. Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice, 18(3), 135–148.
***resource attached***
OASIS. (n.d.). Evaluate resources: An interactive guide Links to an external site.. Walden University. https://academics.waldenu.edu/library/evaluate-resources-web
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Enhancing Environmental Health Content in Nursing Practice, Pope, A. M., Snyder, M. A., & Mood, L. H. (Eds.). (n.d.). Nursing health, & environment Links to an external site.: Strengthening the relationship to improve the public’s health.
***resource attached***
USA.gov. (n.d.). A-Z index of U.S. government departments and agencies Links to an external site.. Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.usa.gov/federal-agencies/a
USA.gov. (n.d.). Branches of the US government Links to an external site.. https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government
The White House. (n.d.). The cabinet Links to an external site.. https://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/cabinet/

You are required to cite a minimum of three sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.Plagiarism free.No errors grammatical.

Goal:
Analyze and evaluate a middle range theory.  You will select a middle range theory and identify application of nursing theories into clinical practice. 
Content Requirements:
Components of the theory
Discuss the major concepts of the theory
Philosophical basis or worldview change, advancing health
Structural aspects of the theory
Discuss the framework of the theory.
Identify an area of your practice where this theory could be applicable
What question does the theory help to answer?
Describe the area of interest in relationship to the theory/theoretical model.
Is it appropriate for the practice setting and is it applicable?
Discuss the strength and weakness of the theory. If there is weakness, discuss what makes it difficult to be used in practice.
Use of theory in clinical practice.
Performing a literature review is essential to completing this section. If there is no literature available about the application of this theory in practice, address reason(s) why based on your findings.
Evaluation of theory
Is this theory used to understand and apply into practice?
What difficulties did you encounter or would anticipate encountering in using this theory?
What would make this theory more usable or applicable to practice? 
Submission Instructions:
The paper is to be clear and concise and students will lose points for improper grammar, punctuation and misspelling.
The paper should be formatted per current APA and references should be current (published within last five years) scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions.)
The paper is to be 3 – 5 pages in length, excluding the title, abstract and references page.
Incorporate a minimum of 3 current (published within last five years) scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions) within your work. Journal articles and books should be referenced according to current APA style.
Complete and submit the assignment by 11:59 PM ET Sunday.

The purpose of this assignment is to incorporate the instructor-recommended revisions or changes from the Topic 3 “Rough Draft – Research Critiques and Evidence-Based Practice Proposal” to develop a 1,500-1,750-word final draft.
Use the “Research Critiques and Evidence-Based Practice Proposal Guidelines” document to organize your essay. Questions under each heading should be addressed in the structure of a formal paper.
You are required to cite a minimum of four peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the past 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide