Category: Statistics

About: In this assignment, you will examine various scenarios involving a hypothesis test we have been working with called the independent samples t-test. The objective is to understand the statistical process of testing hypotheses and interpreting results. You will analyze provided data and write a report explaining the populations, variables, which one is the independent and dependent variable, and the results of the hypothesis test.
Directions: Select ONE scenarios and complete the following report for each scenario.
IntroductionReview the provided data describe the goal of the research including what the independent and dependent variable is. Provide the Null and Research hypothesis based on the data provided.
Methods
Describe the data including sample sizes for each group, mean hours for each group, variance, and observable differences
State that the independent samples t-test was conducted and provide all the important results (t-statistic, p-value, degrees of freedom)
3. Results
Interpret the results, is there a statistically significant relationship?
Do we accept or reject the null hypothesis?
Are the two variables related to one another?
4. Discussion
Discuss any potential limitations of the test and results
Provide some thoughts on why we obtained the results we obtained, consider various logical explanations
Word Count: Each report should be about 300 words or more, giving about 75 to 100 words per section in the directions provided.
Scenarios: Similar to the prep-lab, and the here are some scenarios of various statistical outputs involving t-tests. Select ONE of the following to complete your assignment
T-Test Lab Scenario 1: Chores by Gender/Sex
T-Test Lab Scenario 2: Number of Energy Drinks by Student Status
T-Test Lab Scenario 3: Retired vs Non-Retired & Stress Scores
T-Test Lab Scenario 4: Working Class vs Middle Class & Hours Spent on Leisure T-Test Lab: Scenario 1
Chores by Gender/Sex
Important: Before completing the scenarios be sure you have completed the pre-lab and have looked at the directions in the Lab Analysis #1 Assignment.
About: In this scenario the researcher is interested in seeing if there is a difference in hours spent on chores per week based on Gender/Sex. Here are their results! Be sure to look at only the one-tailed p-value results.
Statistical Output
Descriptive Statistics: Hours Spent on Chores per Week by Sex
SamplesNMeanVariance
Males3146.4 hours5.5
Females4457.5 hours3.7
T-statistic Output
T-statisticdegrees of freedomOne-Tailed (Sig.)Two-Tailed (Sig.)
3.9757p = .000052p = .000105
If you have selected this scenario, complete the lab analysis #1 based on these outputs. Feel free to copy and paste these outputs onto a word document along with the instructions of Lab Analysis #1 to begin your Lab Analysis.
T-Test Lab: Scenario 2
Energy Drinks by Student Status
Important: Before completing the scenarios be sure you have completed the pre-lab and have looked at the directions in the Lab Analysis #1 Assignment. Remember you just have to choose two scenarios.
About: In this scenario the researcher is interested in seeing if there is a difference in energy drinks consumed per week based on student status (student vs non-student). Here are their results! Be sure to look at only the one-tailed p-value results only.
Statistical Output
Descriptive Statistics: Energy Drinks by Student Status
SamplesNMeanVariance
Students561.1.33
Non-Students710.25.65
T-statistic Output
T-statisticdegrees of freedomOne-Tailed (Sig.)Two-Tailed (Sig.)
1.855125p = .032976p = .065952
If you have selected this scenario, complete the lab analysis #1 based on these outputs. Feel free to copy and paste these outputs onto a word document along with the instructions of Lab Analysis #1 to begin your Lab Analysis.
T-Test Lab: Scenario 4
Hours of Leisure by Class
Important: Before completing the scenarios be sure you have completed the pre-lab and have looked at the directions in the Lab Analysis #1 Assignment.
About: In this scenario the researcher is interested in seeing if there is a difference in hours spent on leisure per week based on Social Class. Here are their results! Be sure to look at only the one-tailed p-value results.
Statistical Output
Descriptive Statistics: Hours of Leisure based on Social Class
SamplesNMeanVariance
Middle Class
5038.96.5
Working Class4787.1 hours
7.8
T-statistic Output
T-statisticdegrees of freedomOne-Tailed (Sig.)Two-Tailed (Sig.)
1.033979p = .15093p = .301859
If you have selected this scenario, complete the lab analysis #1 based on these outputs. Feel free to copy and paste these outputs onto a word document along with the instructions of Lab Analysis #1 to begin your Lab Analysis.
T-Test Lab: Scenario 3
Stress Scores by Retired Status
Important: Before completing the scenarios be sure you have completed the pre-lab and have looked at the directions in the Lab Analysis #1 Assignment. Remember you just have to choose two scenarios.
About: In this scenario the researcher is interested in seeing if there is a difference in Stress based on retired status (retired vs not retired). Here are their results! Be sure to look at only the one-tailed p-value results only.
Statistical Output
Descriptive Statistics: Stress Scores by Retired Status
SamplesNMeanVariance
Retired3413.25.6
Not Retired
5516.87.9
T-statistic Output
T-statisticdegrees of freedomOne-Tailed (Sig.)Two-Tailed (Sig.)
4.90187p <.001 p <.001 If you have selected this scenario, complete the lab analysis #1 based on these outputs. Feel free to copy and paste these outputs onto a word document along with the instructions of Lab Analysis #1 to begin your Lab Analysis.

MUST USE SAS!!!
complete this poster template using SAS with the relationship data provided by me. The peer reviewed articles provided must only be used for the introduction . eveything else must be from SAS.
in the “project over view” pdf , ONLY do research topi #1.
i have provided the 2 peer reviewed artilces 

Find the variances, z-scores, selecting data set, calculate de median, the standard deviation, create a histogram, others.

Traditionally, the methodology section of a research paper demonstrates how the research study was carried out and why. In the paper for the final project, however, you will be discussing how you gathered data and information on the area or community you are focusing on for your final project and the problem area or need you identified. This discussion area allows you to construct your methodology section of the capstone project while receiving feedback from your peers and instructor.
For your initial post (1), you must:
Review the Gathering Community Information (Methodology) section in the Final Project Document. Consider what kinds of data are more appropriate for diverse populations. Then, review the optional resources in Module Two on choosing methodologies. In your initial post, discuss which methodology you plan to use for gathering information on the community you select and provide a rationale for your selection.
I have uploaded the templte that must be used but change out the city I will be using Chigico Opoids is what am working  on the templete must be used only change out the nesscary information the referenves must be in abc order

answer all of the following questions showing your work or explaining how you obtained your answers. No credit is granted otherwise. you must choose any questions that add up to 100 points, but you MUST answer questions #3,#5,#8.

Use statistical software to create, interpret, and analyze two histograms in a Word document.
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Introduction
Exploring the associations between some variables in the courseroom using correlations might provide some important information about learner success. You’ll need to pay attention to both magnitude, which is the strength of the association, and directionality, which is the direction (positive or negative) of the association. During this assessment, you’ll start learning about how to best approach correlational analyses like these and start getting some answers. You’ll explore the relationships that may or may not exist in your courseroom data.
In this assessment, you’ll get a chance to run and interpret your first inferential statistics analysis: correlations. Your readings and the Course Study Guide will help you in your efforts.
Instructions
For this assessment, you will use the Data Analysis and Application template (DAA Template [DOCX] Download DAA Template [DOCX]).
• For help with statistical software, refer to the JASP Step-by-Step: Correlations [PDF] Download JASP Step-by-Step: Correlations [PDF]document.
• View JASP Speedrun: Correlations [Video] for a brief tutorial video on this assessment.
• Refer to the 7864 Course Study Guide [PDF] Download 7864 Course Study Guide [PDF]for information on analyses and interpretation.
• For information on the data set, refer to the 7864 Data Set Instructions [PDF] Download 7864 Data Set Instructions [PDF]document.
The grades.jasp Download grades.jaspfile is a sample data set. The data represent a teacher’s recording of student demographics and performance on quizzes and a final exam across three sections of the course.
This assessment is on correlations. You will analyze the following variables in the grades.jasp Download grades.jaspdata set:
Variables and Definitions
Variable Definition
Quiz 1 Quiz 1: number of correct answers
GPA Previous grade point average
Total Total number of points earned in class
Final Final exam: number of correct answers
The DAA Template [DOCX] Download DAA Template [DOCX]has five sections:
• Data Analysis Plan.
• Testing Assumptions.
• Results & Interpretation.
• Statistical Conclusions.
• Application.
Step 1: Write Section 1 of the DAA: Data Analysis Plan
• Name the four variables used in this analysis and whether they are categorical or continuous.
• State a research question, null hypothesis, and alternate hypothesis for the total-final correlation.
• State a research question, null hypothesis, and alternate hypothesis for the gpa-quiz1 correlation.
Step 2: Write Section 2 of the DAA: Testing Assumptions
Test for one of the assumptions of correlation—normality.
• Create a descriiptive statistics table in the statistical software to assess normality. This table should include the four variables named above including skew and kurtosis for each variable.
• Paste the table in the DAA template.
• Interpret the skewness and kurtosis values and determine whether the assumption of normality was violated or not violated.
Step 3: Write Section 3 of the DAA: Results & Interpretation
• Using the statistical software, paste the intercorrelation matrix for the four variables into the document.
• Below the output, first report the total-final correlation including degrees of freedom, correlation coefficient, and p value. Specify whether or not to reject the null hypothesis for this correlation.
• Second, report the gpa-quiz1 correlation including degrees of freedom, correlation coefficient, and p value. Specify whether or not to reject the null hypothesis for this correlation.
Step 4: Write Section 4 of the DAA: Statistical Conclusions
• Provide a brief summary of your analysis and the conclusions drawn about correlations.
• Analyze the limitations of the statistical test and/or possible alternative explanations for your results.
Step 5: Write Section 5 of the DAA: Application
• Analyze how you might use correlations in your field of study.
• Name two variables that would work for such an analysis and why studying the relationship may be important to the field or practice.
Submit your completed DAA Template as an attached Word document in the assessment area.
Software
The following statistical analysis software is required to complete your assessments in this course:
• Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP).
Refer to the Tools and Software: JASP page on Campus for general information. Make sure that your statistical software is downloaded, installed, and running properly on your computer.
Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
• Competency 1: Analyze the computation, application, strengths, and limitations of various statistical tests.
o Analyze statistical assumptions.
• Competency 2: Analyze the decision making process of data analysis.
o Articulate the data analysis plan.
• Competency 3: Apply knowledge of hypothesis testing.
o Interpret statistical results and hypotheses.
• Competency 4: Interpret the results of statistical analyses.
o Explain statistical conclusions, the limitations of the test, and/or possible alternative explanations.
• Competency 6: Apply the results of statistical analyses (your own or others) to your field of interest or career.
o Analyze the potential applications of the test in the field and their implications.
• Competency 7: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations for members in the identified field of study.
o Communicate in a manner that is scholarly and professional, and adheres to APA style and formatting.

Find the variances, z-scores, selecting data set, calculate de median, the standard deviation, create a histogram, anothers

Using the data set that you identified in week 1, use Excel to find the following descriptive statistics for the price data.
Descriptive statistics:
Mean
Median
Standard Deviation
Use these summary statistics to make two conclusions or observations about the typical vehicle in the sample. One conclusion must relate to the measure of center (mean/median) and one to the variability (standard deviation) of the vehicles.
Next, add an 11th vehicle to the data set. Choose a “supercar” that costs at least $1 million. Recalculate the summary statistics to include this vehicle.
Descriptive statistics:
Mean
Median
Standard Deviation
Which summary statistics were affected the most by the addition of this outlier? How were they changed, and were you surprised by the results?  I encourage you to review the Week 2 descriptive statistics PDF at the bottom of the discussions.  This will give you a step by step example on how to calculate these values using Excel. I DO NOT recommend doing this by hand.  Let Excel do the heavy lifting for you.
Once you have posted your initial discussion, you must reply to at least two other learner’s post. Each post must be a different topic. So, you will have your initial post from one topic, your first follow-up post from a different topic, and your second follow-up post from one of the other topics. Of course, you are more than welcome to respond to more than two learners.”
After the supercar was added to the data set, which summary statistic do you think more accurately reflects the typical vehicle price – the mean or median? Compare the standard deviation before the supercar was added and after it was added. Does this indicate greater variability in the original or modified data set? Based on this information, do you feel the standard deviation can help you identify the presence of an outlier? Why or why not?

Title: Introductory Business Statistics
Authors: Alexander Holmes, Barbara Illowsky, Susan Dean
Publisher: OpenStax
Publication Date: 2017-11-30
Required Resources
Read/review the following resources for this activity:
OpenStax Book: Chapter 2—Section 2.1
Lesson 2 Reading
Minimum of 1 scholarly source AND one appropriate resource such as the textbook, math video and/or math website
Initial Post Instructions
Suppose that you have two sets of data to work with. The first set is a list of all the injuries that were seen in a clinic in a month’s time. The second set contains data on the number of minutes that each patient spent in the waiting room of a doctor’s office. You can make assumptions about other information or variables that are included in each data set.
For each data set, propose your idea of how best to represent the key information. To organize your data would you choose to use a frequency table, a cumulative frequency table, or a relative frequency table? Why?
What type of graph would you use to display the organized data from each frequency distribution? What would be shown on each of the axes for each graph?
APA format for in-text citations and list of references

Assignment 3 questions can be found in the attached file below. Please be sure to carefully follow the instructions below when submitting your assignment.
Questions must be answered in order.
Only include relevant R code and output to justify your solutions. Where R is used to answer a question, R code and output must be included to receive marks.